{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:56:14Z","timestamp":1791874574760,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]],"date-time":"2018-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Toluene is used extensively in various industrial processes, and an increasing number of workers are getting exposed to its vapor. Cardiac abnormalities that have been reported in association with toluene exposure (in toxic doses) are atrioventricular conduction abnormalities, sinus bradycardia, ventricular tachycardia, recurrent myocardial infarction, dilated cardiomyopathy, and coronary vasospasm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate the effects of chronic toluene exposure on cardiac rhythm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, 40 workers in the polishing industry with more than 3 months of exposure to a mixture of organic solvents including toluene and 38 control subjects working in other fields who were matched by age, sex, smoking, habits, and living accommodation were investigated. Twelve\u2010lead surface electrocardiogram and 24\u2010hour Holter recordings were performed to determine QRS duration, PR duration (P and R wave interval on electrocardiograms), P wave dispersion, corrected QT dispersion, and heart rate variability parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The maximum heart rate was significantly lower in the toluene\u2010exposed group compared to the control group (130.5 \u00b1 15.1\u00a0vs 138.6 \u00b1 16.0, P\u00a0=\u00a00.02). Corrected low frequency (cLF) and cLF\/corrected high frequency (cHF) were also significantly lower in toluene\u2010exposed group (43.6 \u00b1 7.2\u00a0vs 50.7 \u00b1 10.5, P\u00a0=\u00a00.01 and 1.4 \u00b1 0.4\u00a0vs 2.2 \u00b1 1.0, P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01, respectively). Mean cHF, root\u2010mean\u2010square successive difference, and standard deviation of all five\u2010minute NN interval means values were significantly higher in the toluene\u2010exposed group (32.8 \u00b1 8.1\u00a0vs 25.4 \u00b1 8.2, P \u2264 0.01; 74.0 \u00b1 46.1\u00a0vs 60.3 \u00b1 59.4, P\u00a0=\u00a00.02; and 149.5 \u00b1 77.0\u00a0vs 108.9 \u00b1 43.2, P\u00a0=\u00a00.01, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study implies that chronic toluene exposure disturbs cardiac autonomy, particularly by suppressing sympathetic activity, and parasympathetic suppression also occurs with increased exposure duration. We also demonstrated that chronic toluene exposure was not associated with major cardiac arrhythmias and rhythm conduction system disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]],"date-time":"2018-05-23T06:55:06Z","timestamp":1527058506000},"page":"783-787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of chronic toluene exposure on heart rhythm parameters"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0962-0540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u015e\u0171kr\u0171","family":"Arslan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Gaziosmanpasa Taksim Training and Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isil","family":"Uzunhasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Division of Pacing and Electrophysiology Cardiology Institute of Istanbul University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betul Balaban","family":"Kocas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gokhan","family":"Cetinkal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eeyma","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health \u0130stanbul University \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuneyt","family":"Kocas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Cardiology Institute of Istanbul University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Okay","family":"Abaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Cardiology Institute of Istanbul University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Division of Pacing and Electrophysiology Cardiology Institute of Istanbul University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cengiz","family":"Celiker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Division of Pacing and Electrophysiology Cardiology Institute of Istanbul University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cengizhan","family":"Turkoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Division of Pacing and Electrophysiology Cardiology Institute of Istanbul University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199005050-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096032718900800403"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"Peripheral nerve system damage in chronic toluene and n\u2010hexane intoxication: Electrophysiologic investigation","volume":"32","author":"Uzun N","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cerrahpa\u015fa J 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