{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:20:13Z","timestamp":1786965613302,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to assess the influence of early recurrence (ER) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) on long\u2010term outcomes and to identify clinical variables associated with ER.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively collected clinical and procedural data from 1285 patients with paroxysmal AF who underwent PVI from 2011 to 2016. Kaplan\u2010Meier, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to analyze the influence of ER on long\u2010term outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>ER was observed in 13% of patients. Kaplan\u2010Meier analyses showed significantly different outcomes in 1285 patients with and without ER (49%\u00a0vs 74%, log rank <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) and in 286 patients in the subgroup that underwent reablation (44%\u00a0vs 79%, log rank <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). The hazard ratio (HR) of ER was 1.7 within 48\u00a0hours (5% of patients), 2.7 within 1 month (5%), 3.0 within 2 months (2%), and 6.4 within 3 months (1%) for late recurrence (LR), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01. ROC analysis (area under the curve [AUC]\u00a0=\u00a00.79) resulted in 70.3% sensitivity and 74.2% specificity for a 14\u2010day blanking period, and 53.1% sensitivity and 85.5% specificity for a 30\u2010day blanking period. Female patients (odds ratio [OR] 1.69, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) and those with diabetes (OR 1.95, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01) were at higher risk for ER.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>ER is observed in a substantial number of patients with paroxysmal AF after PVI and has a continuous direct effect on LR according to the timing of ER. Randomized trials are required to assess the safety and effects of reablations in a shortened blanking period on long\u2010term outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.14060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T08:34:38Z","timestamp":1600331678000},"page":"1156-1164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Early recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation is associated with inferior long\u2010term outcomes: Insights from a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Tine Prolic","family":"Kalinsek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich  Lazarettstrasse 36 Munich 80636 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