{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T22:49:27Z","timestamp":1773269367289,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk assessment is limited, particularly in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathies. This is the first application, in patients with cardiomyopathies, of two novel risk markers, regional restitution instability index (R2I2) and peak electrocardiogram restitution slope (PERS), which have been shown to be predictive of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) or death in ischemic heart disease patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blinded retrospective study of 50 patients: 33 dilated cardiomyopathy and 17 other; undergoing electrophysiological study (EPS) for SCD risk stratification, and 29 controls with structurally normal hearts undergoing EPS. R2I2 was calculated from an EPS using electrocardiogram surrogates for action potential duration and diastolic interval. Cut\u2010offs for high and low R2I2\/PERS were predefined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>R2I2 was significantly higher in study than control patients (0.99 \u00b1 0.05\u00a0vs. 0.63 \u00b1 0.04, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). PERS showed a trend to higher values in the study group (1.18[0.63] vs. 1.09[0.54], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.07). During median follow up of 5.6 years [interquartile range 1.9 years], nine study patients reached the endpoint of VA\/death. Patients who experienced VA\/death showed trends to higher mean R2I2 (1.14 \u00b1 0.07\u00a0vs.0.95 \u00b1 0.05, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.12) and PERS (1.46[0.49] vs. 1.13[0.62], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.22). A Cox proportional hazards model using grouped markers: R2I2 &lt; 1.03 + PERS &lt; 1.21\/either R2I2 \u2265 1.03 or PERS \u2265 1.21\/R2I2 \u2265 1.03 + PERS \u2265 1.21; significantly predicted VA\/death (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.02) with a hazard ratio per positive component of 3.2 (95% confidence interval 1.2\u20138.8).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>R2I2\u2265 1.03 + PERS \u2265 1.21 may predict VA\/death in patients with cardiomyopathies. R2I2 \u2265 1.03 + PERS \u2265 1.21 have the potential to play an important role in SCD risk stratification in cardiomyopathies but their validity should be confirmed in a larger study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.14143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T16:40:35Z","timestamp":1608309635000},"page":"284-292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Application of two novel electrical restitution\u2010based ECG markers of ventricular arrhythmia to patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5718-8767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William B.","family":"Nicolson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester  Leicester UK"},{"name":"NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Glenfield Hospital  Leicester UK"},{"name":"University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew I.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zakariyya","family":"Vali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester  Leicester UK"},{"name":"NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Glenfield Hospital  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nilesh J.","family":"Samani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester  Leicester UK"},{"name":"NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Glenfield Hospital  Leicester UK"},{"name":"University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5965-0671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. Andr\u00e9","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Sciences University of Leicester  Leicester UK"},{"name":"NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Glenfield Hospital  Leicester UK"},{"name":"University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2007.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00477-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000100721.52503.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1608029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-4-54"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.84.11.1318"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.166024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"498","article-title":"QT prolongation modifies dynamic restitution and hysteresis of the beat\u2010to\u2010beat QT\u2010TQ interval relationship during normal sinus rhythm under varying states of repolarization","author":"Fossa AA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2007.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-305672"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.112.001552"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2012.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000044941.13346.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2009.01.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.05.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000065602.78328.B5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1968.25.2.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI17341"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2010.01990.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr472"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.771401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","article-title":"LifeMap: towards the development of a new technology in sudden cardiac death risk stratification for clinical use","author":"Ng GA","year":"2018","journal-title":"EP Eur"}],"container-title":["Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pace.14143","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pace.14143","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pace.14143","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T23:05:17Z","timestamp":1693695917000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pace.14143"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pace.14143"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pace.14143","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-8389","1540-8159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-8389","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8159","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}