{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T03:09:44Z","timestamp":1792552184441,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) are at increased risk of life\u2010threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Current approaches to risk stratification have limited predictive value.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the utility of spatial dispersion analysis of late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE\u2010CMR), as a quantitative measure of myocardial tissue heterogeneity, in risk stratifying patients with CS for VA and death.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty two patients with CS underwent LGE\u2010CMR. LGE images were segmented and dispersion maps of the left and right ventricles were generated as follows. Based on signal intensity (SI), each pixel was categorized as abnormal (SI \u22653SD above the mean), intermediate (SI 1\u20133 SD above the mean) or normal (SI &lt;1SD above the mean); and each pixel was then assigned a value of 0 to 8 based on the number of adjacent pixels of a different category. Average dispersion score was calculated for each patient. The primary endpoint was VA during follow up. The composite of VA or death was assessed as a secondary endpoint.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During 4.7 \u00b1 3.5 years of follow up, six patients had VA, and five without documented VA died. Average dispersion score was significantly higher in patients with VA versus those without (0.87 \u00b1 0.08 vs. 0.71 \u00b1 0.16; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .002) and in patients with events versus those without (0.83 \u00b1 0.08 vs. 0.70 \u00b1 0.16; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .003). Patients at higher tertiles of dispersion score had a higher incidence of VA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .03) and the composite of VA or death (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased substrate heterogeneity, quantified by spatial dispersion analysis of LGE\u2010CMR, may be helpful in risk\u2010stratifying patients with CS for adverse events, including life\u2010threatening arrhythmias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.14406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,12]],"date-time":"2021-11-12T11:50:35Z","timestamp":1636717835000},"page":"2067-2074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Spatial dispersion analysis of LGE\u2010CMR for prediction of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7189-8434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos N.","family":"Aronis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usama A.","family":"Daimee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adityo","family":"Prakosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nisha A.","family":"Gilotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine C.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Trayanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7985-3019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Chrispin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034687"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011522"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.006145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2016.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000156"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"e210","article-title":"AHA\/ACC\/HRS guideline for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society","volume":"138","author":"Al\u2010Khatib SM","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.03.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2019.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.119.007975"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.120.010489"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.005973"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.108.826529"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.613414"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.111.968024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.653568"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.158980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2018.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11437"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2021.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.117.007030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14082"}],"container-title":["Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pace.14406","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pace.14406","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pace.14406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T05:47:54Z","timestamp":1693201674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pace.14406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pace.14406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pace.14406","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-8389","1540-8159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-8389","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8159","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}