{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:14:06Z","timestamp":1791274446456,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,17]],"date-time":"2013-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Pollen\u2010induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR<\/jats:styled-content>) is highly prevalent and rapidly evolving during childhood. General practitioners may not be fully aware of the nature and severity of symptoms experienced by patients and might underestimate the prevalence of moderate or severe disease. Thus, the relevance of early diagnosis and intervention may be overlooked.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objectives<\/jats:title>To investigate the severity of pollen\u2010induced AR<\/jats:styled-content> and its determinants in I<\/jats:styled-content>talian children referred to allergy specialists and who had never received specific immunotherapy (SIT<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Children (age 4\u201318\u00a0yr) affected by pollen\u2010induced AR<\/jats:styled-content> who had never undergone SIT<\/jats:styled-content> were recruited between M<\/jats:styled-content>ay 2009 and J<\/jats:styled-content>une 2011 in 16 pediatric outpatient clinics in 14 I<\/jats:styled-content>talian cities. Recruited children's parents answered standardized questionnaires on atopic diseases (International Study of Allergy and Asthma in Childhood, Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma, Global Initiative for Asthma). The children underwent skin\u2010prick test (SPT<\/jats:styled-content>) with several airborne allergens and six food allergens. Information on socio\u2010demographic factors, parental history of allergic diseases, education, perinatal events, breastfeeding, nutrition and environmental exposure in early life was collected through an informatics platform shared by the whole network of clinical centers (AllergyCARD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2122).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Among the 1360 recruited patients (68% males, age 10.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.4\u00a0yr), 695 (51%) had moderate\u2010to\u2010severe AR<\/jats:styled-content>, 533 (39%) asthma, and 325 (23.9%) oral allergy syndrome (OAS<\/jats:styled-content>). Reported onset of pollen\u2010induced AR<\/jats:styled-content> was on average at 5.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.8\u00a0yr, and its mean duration from onset was 5.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.3\u00a0yr. Only 6.2% of the patients were pollen\u2010monosensitized, and 84.9% were sensitized to \u22653 pollens. A longer AR<\/jats:styled-content> duration was significantly associated with moderate\u2010to\u2010severe AR<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms (p 0.004), asthma (p 0.030), and OAS<\/jats:styled-content> comorbidities (p\u00a0<\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>This nationwide study may raise awareness of the severity of pollen\u2010induced AR<\/jats:styled-content> among Italian children who have never received pollen SIT<\/jats:styled-content>. The strong association between pollen\u2010induced AR<\/jats:styled-content> duration and several markers of disease severity needs replication in longitudinal studies, while suggesting that countrywide initiatives for earlier diagnosis and intervention should be planned.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,18]],"date-time":"2013-11-18T06:05:26Z","timestamp":1384754726000},"page":"742-751","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Pollen\u2010induced allergic rhinitis in 1360 I<\/scp>talian children: Comorbidities and determinants of severity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Arianna","family":"Dondi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Pediatric Unit Department for Mother and Child Ramazzini Hospital Carpi 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit Mazzoni Hospital Ascoli Piceno Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Carlucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit Mazzoni Hospital Ascoli Piceno Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giampaolo","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Bellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna 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