{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:27:58Z","timestamp":1761863278025},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,13]],"date-time":"2014-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>We evaluated the influence of intestinal parasitic infection on food sensitization associated to the severity of A<\/jats:styled-content>topic D<\/jats:styled-content>ermatitis (AD<\/jats:styled-content>) in a group of W<\/jats:styled-content>arao A<\/jats:styled-content>merindian pre\u2010 school children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Feces examinations were performed in fresh stool specimens. Diagnosis of AD<\/jats:styled-content> was done according to H<\/jats:styled-content>annifin and R<\/jats:styled-content>ajka criteria and SCORAD<\/jats:styled-content> index. Skin prick tests (SPT<\/jats:styled-content>) were performed using extracts of cow's milk (CM<\/jats:styled-content>), hen's egg (HE<\/jats:styled-content>), D<\/jats:styled-content>ermatophagoides pteronyssinus<\/jats:italic> and D<\/jats:styled-content>ermatophagoides farinae<\/jats:italic> . Serum CM<\/jats:styled-content> and HE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010IgE<\/jats:styled-content> levels (ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured. Q<\/jats:styled-content>uantikine (R&D systems) assays were used for the determination of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013, TNF\u2010\u03b1 IL\u20106, and sCD<\/jats:styled-content>23 in supernatants of CM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 and HE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 whole blood stimulated samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Atopic D<\/jats:styled-content>ermatitis was reported in 23% of the children. It was significantly (p\u00a0<\u00a00.0001) associated toward both CM<\/jats:styled-content> and HE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 SPT<\/jats:styled-content> positivity (p\u00a0<\u00a00.001). G<\/jats:styled-content>iardia duodenalis<\/jats:italic> infection (37%) was associated to the presence of AD<\/jats:styled-content> (p\u00a0=\u00a00.005) and to a significant increase in the levels of CM<\/jats:styled-content> stimulated TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 (), IL\u201013 (p\u00a0=\u00a00.01), sCD<\/jats:styled-content>23 (p\u00a0=\u00a00.001), CM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I<\/jats:styled-content>gE<\/jats:styled-content> (p\u00a0=\u00a00.012) and CM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SPT<\/jats:styled-content> (p\u00a0<\u00a00.0001). Similarly, G<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0duodenalis<\/jats:italic> infection was particularly associated with the increase on the levels of HE\u2010stimulated TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 (p\u00a0=\u00a00.001), sCD<\/jats:styled-content>23 (p\u00a0=\u00a00.001), HE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010IgE<\/jats:styled-content> levels (p\u00a0=\u00a00.002) and HE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SPT<\/jats:styled-content> (p\u00a0=\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Gut inflammation caused by G<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0duodenalis<\/jats:italic> may enhance food allergic reactivity contributing to the manifestation of AD<\/jats:styled-content> in these children. However, other environmental factors (not considered in this work) as well as an atopic background among the W<\/jats:styled-content>arao population would also contribute to the presence of AD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,13]],"date-time":"2014-01-13T08:38:49Z","timestamp":1389602329000},"page":"276-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Intestinal parasitic infections and atopic dermatitis among Venezuelan Warao Amerindian pre\u2010 school children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Isabel","family":"Hagel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine Central University of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franca","family":"Puccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine Central University of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elianska","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine Central University of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Lugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine Central University of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maira","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine Central University of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda C.","family":"Di Prisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine Central University of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2012.33.3569"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9899.1000110"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4611","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.9.4611","article-title":"Skin\u2010homing, CLA+ memory T cells are activated in atopic dermatitis and regulate IgE by an IL\u201013\u2010dominated cytokine pattern: IgG4 counter\u2010regulation by CLA\u2010 memory T cells","volume":"159","author":"Akdis M","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(95)70049-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.09.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.3.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.133"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Dermatolog\u00eda pediatrica en el Intituto de Biomedicina \/ Pediatric dermatology in the Biomedicine Center","volume":"31","author":"Koves de Amini E","year":"1993","journal-title":"Derm Venez"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Enfermedades dermatol\u00f3gicas en la edad pedi\u00e1trica Hospital Militar \u201cDr. Carlos Arvelo\u201d 2005\u20102006, Caracas, Venezuela","volume":"44","author":"Roye R","year":"2006","journal-title":"Derm Venez"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Efectos moduladores de las parasitosis helm\u00ednticas en el desarrollo del asma y las enfermedades al\u00e9rgicas","volume":"26","author":"Prisco MC","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vitae Acad Biomed Digit"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"207","volume-title":"Respiratory Disease and Infection \u2010 A New Insight","author":"Hagel I","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2007.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"2","volume":"11","author":"Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bol epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"585","volume-title":"Los Abor\u00edgenes de Venezuela","author":"Los Warao","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","volume-title":"Controlling Disease Due to Helminthic Infections","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"75","volume-title":"Rep\u00fablica Bolivariana de Venezuela. 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