{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T08:28:45Z","timestamp":1782980925357,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,27]],"date-time":"2015-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":57,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Academy of Finland, Helsinki"},{"name":"Finnish Medical Foundation, Helsinki"},{"name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9lius Foundation, Helsinki"},{"name":"Foundation for Pediatric Research, Helsinki"},{"name":"Allergy Research Foundation in Southwest Finland, Turku"},{"name":"Helsinki University Research Funds"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Susceptibility to early rhinovirus\u2010induced wheezing has been recognized as an important risk factor for childhood asthma, but data on the first wheezing episode are limited. The aim of this selected population study was to investigate virus etiology, atopic characteristics, and illness severity, as well as their interrelation, among first\u2010time wheezing children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 111 first\u2010time wheezing children aged between 3 and 23\u00a0months (88\/23 in\u2010\/outpatients). The investigated factors included atopy, food, perennial and aeroallergen sensitization, eczema, atopic eczema, elevated blood eosinophil count, and parental allergic rhinitis, asthma, and smoking. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed for adenovirus, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, bocavirus\u20101 (also serologically confirmed), influenza viruses, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza viruses, rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean age of the study patients was 12\u00a0months (standard deviation 6.0). Atopic characteristics could be found in 56%, atopic eczema in 16%, and sensitization in 23% of the cases. In all samples (100%), \u22651 viruses were detected as follows: rhinovirus (76%), respiratory syncytial virus (29%), bocavirus (18%, acute infections), and other viruses &lt;10% each. Virus coinfections occurred in 38% of the children. Rhinovirus infection was positively associated with age, blood eosinophil count, eczema, and duration of cough, as well as parental allergic rhinitis and smoking but negatively associated with virus coinfection (all p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A respiratory virus infection can be detected in all first\u2010time wheezing children. Rhinovirus dominated the findings and was linked to atopic characteristics, prolonged cough, and parental smoking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T05:22:31Z","timestamp":1417497751000},"page":"796-803","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["The first wheezing episode: respiratory virus etiology, atopic characteristics, and illness severity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Riitta","family":"Turunen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"},{"name":"Department of Virology University of Turku Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamari","family":"Koistinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Turku University Hospital Turku 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