{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:18:50Z","timestamp":1761059930560},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]],"date-time":"2015-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mastocytosis is characterized by a pathological increase in mast cells in organs such as skin and bone marrow. Transglutaminase 2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>2) expressed in mast cells contributes to allergic diseases, but its role in mastocytosis has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>2 contributes to pediatric mastocytosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum, various skin tissues or bone marrow (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BM<\/jats:styled-content>) biopsy and aspirates were obtained from pediatric normal control or patients with indolent systemic mastocytosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SM<\/jats:styled-content>), mastocytoma, and urticaria pigmentosa (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UP<\/jats:styled-content>). Tryptase, individual cytokines, leukotriene C<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>2 activity in the serum were determined by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, mast cell population by May\u2013Gr\u00fcnwald\u2013Giemsa, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> 117 by immunofluorescence, cell surface molecules by Western blot, and colocalization of c\u2010kit and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>2 or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010\u2010expressing cells, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>25, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FOXP<\/jats:styled-content>3 by immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infiltration of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>117<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>2<jats:sup>\u2010<\/jats:sup> mast cells into <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BM<\/jats:styled-content> and scalp\/trunk\/ear dermis; expression of Fc\u03b5<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RI<\/jats:styled-content>, tryptase, c\u2010kit, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FOXP<\/jats:styled-content>3, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>2\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR<\/jats:styled-content>2, and vascular cell adhesion molecule\u20101; and colocalization of c\u2010kit and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>2 were enhanced in patient\u2032s skin tissues or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BM<\/jats:styled-content>, particularly <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SM<\/jats:styled-content>, but colocalization of c\u2010kit and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010\u2010expressing cells was decreased vs. normal tissues. Amounts of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LTC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and inflammatory cytokines, expression of tryptase or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>2 activity were increased in patient's serum, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BM<\/jats:styled-content> aspirates, or ear\/scalp skin tissues, respectively, vs. normal persons, but <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 level was decreased.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data suggest that mast cells, recruited in the skin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BM<\/jats:styled-content> by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>2\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR<\/jats:styled-content>, may induce the development of pediatric mastocytosis through reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 due to upregulating <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>2 activity via transcription factor nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB. Thus, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>2 may be used in diagnosis of pediatric mastocytosis, particularly <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,8]],"date-time":"2015-05-08T06:09:28Z","timestamp":1431065368000},"page":"438-445","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Transglutaminase 2 expressed in mast cells recruited into skin or bone marrow induces the development of pediatric mastocytosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Young Min","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Eulji Hospital Eulji University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gwan Ui","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and SBRI Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Suwon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Eulji Hospital Eulji University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ho Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Eulji Hospital Eulji University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hey Sung","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myung Nam","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Chung\u2010Ang University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kui Young","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Chung\u2010Ang University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jai Youl","family":"Ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and SBRI Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Suwon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2012.29534"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2012.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11588890-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.02179.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2010.31.3368"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01676830.2013.871299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283634869"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04365.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000328760"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2014.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2012.02812.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2009.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2011.192"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ped.2013.0275"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-012-2351-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-009-0681-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008583"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.01033.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2013.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2013.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6603-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e31826330bf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04350.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e328355b7e4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-012-0322-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxn002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3411"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2013.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2012.830"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpai.12403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pai.12403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T08:25:33Z","timestamp":1696235133000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pai.12403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pai.12403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pai.12403","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-6157","1399-3038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-6157","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]]}}}