{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:59:01Z","timestamp":1791226741164,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]],"date-time":"2015-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI13C0826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI13C0826"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u20102011\u20100024036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u20102011\u20100024036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pandemic strain of the influenza A virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1) in 2009 caused many complications in patients. In this study, we introduce asthmatic symptoms as a complication of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1 infection in children, not having a relationship with asthma history. The aim of this study was to quantify asthmatic symptoms in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1\u2010infected children and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of airway hyper\u2010responsiveness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content>) induced in a murine model of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1 infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a retrospective study, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1\u2010infected children who were hospitalized with moderate to severe acute asthmatic symptoms were enrolled and administered a methacholine challenge test (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCT<\/jats:styled-content>) at 3 months post\u2010discharge. Additionally, the induction of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content> by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1 infection was measured by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCT<\/jats:styled-content> in wild\u2010type and Rag1<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice. The effect of the innate immune response on the development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content> following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1 infection was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>More than 70% of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1\u2010infected children without a pre\u2010infection diagnosis of asthma had a negative response on the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCT<\/jats:styled-content>. None of these children had recurrent wheezing or asthma during the 3 years following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1 infection. The development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1\u2010infected mice was associated with an elevation in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 and innate lymphoid cells 2 (ILC2).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrates that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1 infection directly induces transient asthmatic symptoms in patients regardless of their medical history. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>1N1 infection was shown to stimulate the rapid development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHR<\/jats:styled-content> and Th2\u2010type cytokine secretion in mice via the activation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content>2; it may be activated independently of adaptive immunity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,19]],"date-time":"2015-08-19T16:03:39Z","timestamp":1440000219000},"page":"780-788","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Pandemic influenza virus, <scp>pH<\/scp>1N1, induces asthmatic symptoms via activation of innate lymphoid cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"D. H.","family":"Shim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Departments of Food and Animal Biotechnology School of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Biomaterials Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. A.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Y.","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Y.","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. W.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.\u2010h.","family":"Byun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Department of Biotechnology College of Life Science and Biotechnology Yonsei University Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.\u2010L.","family":"Seong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Department of Biotechnology College of Life Science and Biotechnology Yonsei University Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Food and Animal Biotechnology School of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Biomaterials Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. K.","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Science Division International Vaccine Institute Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.\u2010J.","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ATgen Co. Ltd. Sungnam 463\u2010400 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Infectious Disease Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Daejeon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"University of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Infectious Disease Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Daejeon Republic of Korea"},{"name":"University of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. H.","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10382"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2014.57.1.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.52.070183.002343"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8580"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1176225"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2010.01090.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922810368558"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2131"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3349"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950140203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2010.2.2.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69283-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.1.16310b"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2009.0588"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1536"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.2.358"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(00)00171-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-05-157818"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-010-0153-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-9255-8-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0802387"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.06.008"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpai.12462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pai.12462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T04:42:57Z","timestamp":1696480977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pai.12462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pai.12462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pai.12462","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-6157","1399-3038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-6157","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,22]]}}}