{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:38:59Z","timestamp":1790509139192,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]],"date-time":"2016-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12HS023011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12HS023011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001582","name":"Dermatology Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001582","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to determine the relationship between childhood eczema, climate, and environmental pollutants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed data from the 2007\u20132008 National Survey of Children's Health including a representative sample of 91,642 children age 0\u201317 years and the 2006\u20132007 Environmental Protection Agency measurements of carbon monoxide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content>), nitrate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>), nitrogen dioxide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), organic carbon (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OC<\/jats:styled-content>), sulfate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>), sulfur dioxide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), particulate matter \u22642.5 \u03bcm (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102.5) and &lt;10 \u03bcm (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010), and tropospheric ozone levels, and the National Climate Data Center measurements of relative humidity (%), issued <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content> index, outdoor air temperature, and precipitation levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In multivariate survey logistic regression models controlling for age, sex, race\/ethnicity, household income, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> birthplace, and history of moving to a new location, eczema was associated with higher mean annual <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (p = 0.008), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (p = 0.006), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> (p = 0.0002), arsenic (p = 0.0007), nickel (p = 0.0002), lead (p = 0.03), vanadium (p &lt; 0.0001), and zinc (p = 0.003), but lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> (p = 0.002), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OC<\/jats:styled-content> (p = 0.03), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102.5 (p = 0.006), cadmium (p &lt; 0.0001), copper (p = 0.004), and potassium (p &lt; 0.0001). In contrast, moderate\u2013severe eczema was associated with higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> (p = 0.03), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OC<\/jats:styled-content> (p = 0.008) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102.5 (p = 0.01), copper (p = 0.04), lead (p = 0.008), and zinc (p = 0.01), but lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content> (p = 0.03). Principal component analysis was used and identified 4 combinations of pollutants and climate factors occurring in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USA<\/jats:styled-content>, of which 1 was associated with higher prevalence and two were associated with lower prevalences of eczema (p &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pollutants in conjunction with climate factors may differentially impact eczema prevalence and severity, some with apparent harmful effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]],"date-time":"2016-02-04T07:10:16Z","timestamp":1454569816000},"page":"478-485","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Association of pollution and climate with atopic eczema in US children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Kathuria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. I.","family":"Silverberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Dermatology Preventive Medicine and Medical Social Sciences Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"},{"name":"Northwestern Medicine Multidisciplinary Eczema Center Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.251"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Integrated Science Assessment for Oxides of Nitrogen \u2014 Health Criteria. 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