{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T05:08:52Z","timestamp":1782882532383,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]],"date-time":"2017-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Indoor allergens are risk factors for asthma: Thus, the characterization of indoor air quality is important for studying environment\u2013health relationships in children. In particular, <jats:italic>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus<\/jats:italic> is the dominant allergen for asthma. We cross\u2010sectionally investigated the relationships among respiratory symptoms and function, airway inflammation, allergen sensitization, and indoor allergen concentration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and thirty\u2010two children aging 10\u201014\u00a0years and living in a Southern Mediterranean area were evaluated by parental questionnaires. Spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide (Fe<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>), skin prick tests, total, and specific serum IgE analyses were performed along with the evaluation of home dust samples for the content in Der p 1 allergen. Three clusters were created on the basis of the presence\/absence of wheeze in the last 12\u00a0months (Wh12m) and Der p 1\u2010specific IgE level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cluster 1 (Wh12m+\/high Der p 1 IgE) presented higher Fe<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> and poorer pulmonary function (lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEV<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEF<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>25%\u201075%<\/jats:sub>), while its symptom score was not different from Cluster 2 (Wh12m+\/low Der p 1 IgE). Cluster 3 (Wh12m\u2212\/low IgE) showed the lowest Fe<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> values and pulmonary function similar to Cluster 2. Within Cluster 1, both Der p 1\u2010specific IgE and Fe<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> were positively correlated with dust Der p 1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Similar asthma phenotypes may occur in children despite differences in their atopic state. In atopic children, sensitizing allergens in the indoor environment may increase airway inflammation worsening pulmonary function. Moreover, environmental exposures may contribute to the development of asthma\u2010like symptoms also in the absence of atopic sensitization, thus contributing to asthma overdiagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,7]],"date-time":"2017-08-07T15:33:11Z","timestamp":1502119991000},"page":"675-682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Sensitization to dust mite defines different phenotypes of asthma: A multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Ruggieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council of Italy  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaspare","family":"Drago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council of Italy  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council of Italy  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council of Italy  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Balzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Mater Dei Hospital  Msida Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bilocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Mater Dei Hospital  Msida Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Zammit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Mater Dei Hospital  Msida Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Montefort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Mater Dei Hospital  Msida Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Scaccianoce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy, Information Engineering and Mathematical Models University of Palermo  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Cuttitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council of Italy  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Viegi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council of Italy  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1674-2263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Cibella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology National Research Council of Italy  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"The RESPIRA Project Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2011.01208.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00115409"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00156-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma.Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention Updated 2016. 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