{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T01:30:04Z","timestamp":1780363804641,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,5]],"date-time":"2018-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are few studies addressing the longitudinal analysis of vitamin D deficiency and its impact on the development of atopic diseases in early childhood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated 155 children who regularly followed up at our clinic for 5\u00a0years as subjects enrolled in a birth cohort study. The pattern of vitamin D levels from birth to 5\u00a0years of age was clustered using <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\u2010means method in R software. Absolute eosinophil count (AEC), and total serum and specific immunoglobulin E antibodies against food (egg white, milk, and wheat) and inhalant allergens (<jats:italic>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farina<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Cladosporium herbarum<\/jats:italic>) were measured at 1.5, 3, 4 and 5\u00a0years of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 137 children with serum samples obtained over at least 3 time points during the follow\u2010up period were recruited. Using <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\u2010means clustering, the dynamic changes in vitamin D levels were significantly stratified into 3 clusters (cluster A, \u226530\u00a0ng\/mL, n\u00a0=\u00a061; cluster B, 20\u201029.9\u00a0ng\/mL, n\u00a0=\u00a053; cluster C, &lt;20\u00a0ng\/mL, n\u00a0=\u00a023). Despite no statistical association with atopic diseases, a persistent vitamin D deficiency appeared to be associated with eosinophilia at age 3, and total serum and mite\u2010specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels at age 4. Furthermore, an associated higher prevalence of mite sensitization at age 4 was significantly associated with the risk of allergic rhinitis and asthma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency is inversely associated with AEC and mite\u2010specific IgE levels, which may potentially increase susceptibility to develop allergies including rhinitis and asthma in early childhood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T13:55:00Z","timestamp":1513259700000},"page":"254-259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Longitudinal vitamin D deficiency is inversely related to mite sensitization in early childhood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6454-968X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih\u2010Yung","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pulmonology College of Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Community Medicine Research Centre Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Keelung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan\u2010Wen","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Community Medicine Research Centre Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Keelung Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Taoyuan 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Taiwan"},{"name":"Community Medicine Research Centre Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Keelung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shen\u2010Hao","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Pulmonology College of Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Community Medicine Research Centre Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Keelung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Medicine Research Centre Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Keelung Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsung\u2010Chieh","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Medicine Research Centre Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Keelung Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2499-8050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuo\u2010Wei","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Medicine Research Centre Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Keelung Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Taoyuan 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