{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:28:06Z","timestamp":1790785686605,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Allergic conjunctivitis in childhood often poses problems of diagnosis and management for the allergist. We present the salient points concerning the diagnosis and treatment of ocular allergy emerging from a large cohort survey conducted jointly in the departments of ophthalmology and paediatric allergy in a French teaching hospital. Seasonal acute conjunctivitis is a common disorder and not overly difficult to diagnose and treat when associated with rhinitis leading to allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. An ophthalmologist should be consulted when conjunctivitis occurs alone and if another form of conjunctivitis is suspected, such as perennial allergic conjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis or atopic keratoconjunctivitis. When IgE\u2010mediated hypersensitivity assessment does not establish aetiological diagnosis, a conjunctival allergen provocation test can be performed. The principal non\u2010IgE\u2010mediated allergy is chronic blepharoconjunctivitis. The main problem for differential diagnosis is the presence of signs suggestive of dry eye. Management includes non\u2010pharmacological treatments, such as lacrimal substitutes, avoidance measures and protection of the ocular surface. Second\u2010line treatment consists of eye drops, preferably single dose or without additives and with dual local action, mast cell stabilizer action and antihistaminic action. Third\u2010line treatment is reserved for severe forms. Short\u2010lasting local steroid therapy can control flare\u2010ups of allergic keratoconjunctivitis, which should have specialized follow\u2010up. Cyclosporine is a disease\u2010modifying treatment, which is both effective and well tolerated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T18:40:15Z","timestamp":1549910415000},"page":"405-414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Diagnosing and managing allergic conjunctivitis in childhood: The allergist\u2019s perspective"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6929-9819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean\u2010Luc","family":"Fauquert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Clermont\u2010Ferrand, Consultation d'Ophtalmologie et Allergologie de l'enfant, Unit\u00e9 d\u2019Allergologie de l\u2019enfant CHU Estaing Clermont\u2010Ferrand Cedex1 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12331"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00602.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0181-5512(07)89595-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7190987"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e32830e6b29"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.06.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067211002000201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.117812"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00622.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000389"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13178"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)60681-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","article-title":"Ocular allergy as a risk factor for dry eye in adults and children","volume":"13","author":"Villani E","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000474"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12899"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2006.00841.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000475"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","article-title":"Management of ocular allergy","author":"Leonardi A","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000473"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-8056-4_5"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"CD009566","article-title":"Topical antihistamines and mast cell stabilisers for treating seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis. 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