{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:18:42Z","timestamp":1787015922004,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Epidemiological studies have shown an association between global warming, air pollution, and allergic diseases. Several air pollutants, including volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, toluene, nitrogen dioxide (NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), and particulate matter, act as risk factors for the development or aggravation of atopic dermatitis (AD). We evaluated the impact of air pollutants and weather changes on AD patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty AD patients \u22655\u00a0years of age (mean age: 23.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.5\u00a0years), living in the Campania Region (Southern Italy), were followed for 18\u00a0months. The primary outcome was the effect of atmospheric and climatic factors on signs and symptoms of AD, assessed using the SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) index. We measured mean daily temperature (TOD), outdoor relative humidity (RH), diurnal temperature range (DTR), precipitation, particulate with aerodynamic diameter\u00a0\u2264\u00a010\u00a0\u03bcm (PM\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , tropospheric ozone (O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), and total pollen count (TPC). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations of AD signs and symptoms with these factors. An artificial neural network (ANN) analysis investigated the relationships between weather changes, environmental pollutants, and AD severity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The severity of AD symptoms was positively correlated with outdoor temperatures (TOD, DTR), RH, precipitation, PM\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      , NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and TPC. The ANN analysis also showed a good discrimination performance (75.46%) in predicting disease severity based on environmental pollution data, but weather\u2010related factors were less predictive.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of the present study provide evidence that weather changes and air pollutions have a significant impact on skin reactivity and symptoms in AD patients, increasing the severity of the dermatitis. The knowledge of the single variables proportion on AD severity symptoms is important to propose alerts for exacerbations in patients with AD of each age. This finding represents a good starting point for further future research in an area of increasingly growing interest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T16:40:07Z","timestamp":1593103207000},"page":"938-945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Atopic dermatitis severity during exposure to air pollutants and weather changes with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5640-6446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Patella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department of Medicine ASL Salerno \"Santa Maria della Speranza\" Hospital Salerno Italy"},{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Allergy and Clinical Immunology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Florio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department of Medicine ASL Salerno \"Santa Maria della Speranza\" Hospital Salerno Italy"},{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Allergy and Clinical Immunology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Former Primary of Unit of Pediatry Hospital of Eboli Salerno Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Bousquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MACVIA\u2010France and University Hospital Montpellier France"},{"name":"Charit\u00e9 \u2010 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy Berlin Institute of Health Comprehensive Allergy Center Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Tonacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology\u2010National Research Council of Italy (IFC\u2010CNR) Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Toxicology Analysis Department for the Treatment of Addictions ASL Salerno Salerno Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiano","family":"Gangemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School and Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Messina Messina 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