{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:18:52Z","timestamp":1787015932385,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S26","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a rare chronic conjunctivitis characterized by a predominantly eosinophil\u2010mediated inflammatory disorder that could develop critical complications such as blindness. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several allergic diseases. The role of oxidative stress has been hypothesized in VKC, but no study explored this issue. Furthermore, cyclosporine A (CsA) exerts an anti\u2010inflammatory and antioxidant action on the conjunctiva.<\/jats:p>\n This study aimed to assess the oxidative stress in VKC patients and controls and to study the effect of CsA on oxidative stress in these subjects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty\u2010six consecutive children, including 12 VKC (nine males, 75%; mean age 10.17; SD\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.48) patients without treatment, 12 VKC patients treated with CsA (nine males, 75%; mean age 9.08; SD\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.75), and 12 controls (CT) (seven males, 58%; mean age 8.58; SD\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.78), were recruited. A cross\u2010sectional study was performed to compare H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n in the serum with that in the tears of these children.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Compared with CT and VKC children treated with CsA, VKC untreated children had significantly higher values of hydrogen peroxide (H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) in the serum and the tears. No significant differences were observed between CT and VKC treated with CsA. A significant correlation was found at the linear regression analysis between serum and tear H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n levels.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n This study provides the first report attesting that patients with VKC have high oxidative stress; furthermore, it suggests that CsA could have an anti\u2010inflammatory and antioxidant action that could be useful to prevent the poor VKC outcome.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T01:36:06Z","timestamp":1606268166000},"page":"52-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Is oxidative stress involved in vernal keratoconjunctivitis? Results from a pilot study in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2476-1790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Zicari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5059-6082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Brindisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"De Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Lollobrigida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Nebbioso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sense Organs Sapienza\u201d University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzia","family":"Duse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-019-0656-4"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"1419","article-title":"Vernal keratoconjunctivitis: atopy and autoimmunity","volume":"17","author":"Zicari AM","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12142"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2015.1100634"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6380473"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S158513"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"2465","article-title":"Evaluation of lipid oxidative stress status and inflammation in atopic ocular surface disease","volume":"16","author":"Wakamatsu TH","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-019-00404-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.12.027"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pai.13382","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pai.13382","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pai.13382","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T15:16:55Z","timestamp":1693667815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pai.13382"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Philippe","family":"Eigenmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S26","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pai.13382"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pai.13382","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-6157","1399-3038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-6157","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}