{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:16:38Z","timestamp":1787015798728,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether small airway dysfunction (SAD), which is prevalent in asthma, helps to characterize wheezing phenotypes is undetermined. The objective was to assess whether SAD parameters obtained from impedance measurement and asthma probability are linked.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred and thirty\u2010nine preschool children (mean age 4.7\u00a0years, 68% boys) suffering from recurrent wheezing underwent impulse oscillometry that allowed calculating peripheral resistance and compliance of the respiratory system (markers of SAD) using the extended RIC model (central and peripheral resistance, inertance, and peripheral compliance). Children were classified using the probability\u2010based approach of GINA guidelines (few, some, and most having asthma). A principal component analysis (PCA) that determined the dimensions of wheezing disease evaluated the links between SAD and asthma probability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty\u2010seven children belonged to the few, 28 to the some, and 64 to the most having asthma groups. Whereas their anthropometrics and measured parameters were similar, the most having asthma group exhibited the lowest mean value of airway inertance after bronchodilator probably due to airway inhomogeneities. PCA characterized four independent dimensions including a peripheral resistance (constituted by baseline peripheral compliance, Frs, R5Hz, R5\u201020Hz, X5Hz, and AX), a central resistance (baseline central resistance, R20Hz), anthropometrics (age and height), and asthma probability (wheezing patterns and therapeutic steps). Thus, PCA showed that the SAD markers were independent from clinical dimensions and were unable to differentiate wheezing phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lung function parameters obtained from impulse oscillometry and asthma probability were belonging to independent dimensions of the wheezing disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T04:11:13Z","timestamp":1628655073000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Small airway dysfunction is an independent dimension of wheezing disease in preschool children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Plamen","family":"Bokov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Physiologie P\u00e9diatrique\u2010Centre du Sommeil INSERM NeuroDiderot AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 de Paris  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donies","family":"Jallouli\u2010Masmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Physiologie P\u00e9diatrique\u2010Centre du Sommeil AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flore","family":"Amat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Pneumop\u00e9diatrie INSERM UMR S 1136 AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Houdouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Pneumop\u00e9diatrie INSERM UMR S 976 AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2786-0812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Delclaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Physiologie P\u00e9diatrique\u2010Centre du Sommeil INSERM NeuroDiderot AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 de Paris  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13418"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2017.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24437"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cross\u2010sectional phenotyping of small airway dysfunction in preschool asthma using the impulse oscillometry system","volume":"58","author":"Bokov P","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1627"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21507"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2008.00734.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00320"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"Reports.Glob. 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