{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T07:45:19Z","timestamp":1784360719409,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005762","name":"National Taiwan University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NTUH\u2010105\u201020 and NTUH\u2010UN110\u2010050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NTUH\u2010105\u201020 and NTUH\u2010UN110\u2010050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005762","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) occurs in exclusively breastfed infants. As fatty acids have some immunomodulatory effect, we aimed to investigate the influence of fatty acid compositions in breast milk (BM) on the development of AD in exclusively breastfed infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We enrolled two\u2010 to four\u2010month\u2010old exclusively breastfed infants. The objective SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (objSCORAD) was evaluated. The lipid layer of BM was analyzed by gas chromatography for fatty acid levels. Medical charts were reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty\u2010seven AD infants and 47\u00a0healthy controls were enrolled. The objSCORAD was 20.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.7 (shown as mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SEM) in the AD group. The age, sex, parental atopy history, and nutrient intake of mothers were not significantly different between two groups. The palmitate and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) levels in BM positively correlated with objSCORAD, while caprylate, acetate, and short\u2010chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels negatively correlated with objSCORAD (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.031, .019, .039, .013, .022, respectively). However, the butyrate levels in BM were not significantly different. The caprylate and acetate levels in BM were significantly associated with the presence of infantile AD (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.021 and .015, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, parental allergy history, MUFA, palmitate, and SCFA levels in BM. ObjSCORAD in infancy was significantly associated with persistent AD (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.026) after adjusting for age, sex, parental atopy history, caprylate, palmitate, MUFA, acetate, and SCFA levels in BM.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Caprylate and acetate levels in BM for exclusively breastfed infants were negatively associated with objSCORAD. Lower caprylate and acetate in BM might be the risk factors for infantile AD, while butyrate in BM was not associated with infantile AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T04:33:15Z","timestamp":1645417995000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Lower caprylate and acetate levels in the breast milk is associated with atopic dermatitis in infancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5773-1627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li\u2010Chieh","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen\u2010Ming","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin\u2010Chu Branch Hsin\u2010Chu Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chieh","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology College of Life Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6705-0286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bor\u2010Luen","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying\u2010Rou","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology College of Life Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsun\u2010Yi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology College of Life Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Chang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan\u2010Wei","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Chemistry College of Bioresources and Agriculture National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bi\u2010Fong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Science and Technology College of Life Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12770"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3038.2003.02119.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2010.01007.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-020-08780-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.17303950"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13660"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12270"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(16)38153-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000247298"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pdia.2017.66054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00337.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jt.2009.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000452819"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114507832995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.25.050304.092610"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0157-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12721"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxy320"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2015.0056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8320"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.2003.009498"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02441.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-019-0359-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704719"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-06532-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/67.2.301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093094"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.P071860"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2013.07.003"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pai.13744","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pai.13744","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pai.13744","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T13:58:31Z","timestamp":1692712711000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pai.13744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pai.13744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pai.13744","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PAI.13744\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PAI.13744\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PAI.13744\/v1\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PAI.13744\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PAI.13744\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PAI.13744\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PAI.13744\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/PAI.13744\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0905-6157","1399-3038"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-6157","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3038","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13744"}}