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We aimed to investigate these associations in a population\u2010based sample of children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We investigated 1\u2010 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01108) and 6\u2010year\u2010old (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0675) children in the grass pollen season from the HealthNuts cohort. Grass pollen concentrations were considered on the day of testing (lag 0), up to three days before (lag 1\u2010lag 3) and cumulatively (lag 0\u20133). Associations between grass pollen and food skin\u2010prick test reactivity (SPT\u2009\u2265\u20092\u2009mm at age 1\u00a0year and\u2009\u2265\u20093\u2009mm at age 6\u2009years), eczema flares, challenge\u2010confirmed food allergy, reaction threshold to oral food challenges (OFC), and serum food\u2010specific IgE levels were analyzed using either logistic or quantile regression models. Atopy and family history of allergic disease were considered as potent effect modifiers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Grass pollen at lag 0\u20133 (every 20 grains\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      increase) was associated with an up to 1.2\u2010fold increased odds of food SPT reactivity and eczema flares in 6\u2010year\u2010olds. In 1\u2010year\u2010olds, the associations were only observed for peanut in those with a family history of food allergy. Increasing grass pollen concentrations were associated with a lower reaction threshold to OFC and higher serum IgE levels in peanut\u2010allergic 1\u2010year\u2010olds only.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increasing grass pollen concentration was associated with increased risk of food SPT reactivity and eczema flares in children. The associations in peanut\u2010allergic infants may be related to immune activation and\/or peanut and grass pollen cross\u2010reactivity leading to a lower reaction threshold.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T11:09:53Z","timestamp":1664968193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The role of short\u2010term grass pollen exposure in food skin\u2010prick test reactivity, food allergy, and eczema flares in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7079-3670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nur Sabrina","family":"Idrose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit Melbourne School of Population and Global Health  Carlton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Food and Allergy Research (CFAR), Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2342-3888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline J.","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit Melbourne School of Population and Global Health  Carlton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2411-6628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Food and Allergy Research (CFAR), Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The University of Melbourne  Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo A.","family":"Douglass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy Royal Melbourne Hospital  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne  Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer J.","family":"Koplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Food and Allergy Research (CFAR), Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The University of Melbourne  Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian J.","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit Melbourne School of Population and Global Health  Carlton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Food and Allergy Research (CFAR), Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsten P.","family":"Perrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Food and Allergy Research (CFAR), Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The University of Melbourne  Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Allergy and Immunology Royal Children's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mimi L. 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