{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T09:19:50Z","timestamp":1788599990621,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant risk factors for persistence of asthma later in life are family history of allergies, early allergic sensitization and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). The evolution of BHR in young children without allergic sensitization and with house dust mite allergy (HDM) was investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this retrospective analysis, electronic charts of 4850 young children with asthma and wheezy bronchitis between 2005 and 2018 were reviewed in order to study all patients \u22646\u2009years with BHR assessed by methacholine provocation tests (MCT) at least once (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091175). Patients with more than two follow\u2010up measurements were divided in group 1 (no allergic sensitization;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009110) and group 2 (HDM allergy;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200988). Additionally, skin prick test, exhaled nitrite oxide (eNO), and asthma treatment were analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty\u2010seven patients of group 1 aged median 4.3\u2009years and 48 patients of group 2 aged median 4.7\u2009years showed initially severe BHR &lt;0.1\u2009mg. At follow\u2010up, patients with HDM were more likely to show persistence of severe BHR than non\u2010sensitized patients (severe BHR group 1:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095 (10.6%) vs. group 2:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200921 (43.8%),\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). In addition, 89.4% of group 1 had mild to moderate or no BHR, compared to only 56.2% of group 2. There was a significant difference in eN0 (median group 1: 9\u2009ppb vs. group 2: 26\u2009ppb,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), at last follow\u2010up. Age, sex, and asthma therapy had no effect on BHR.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In young children without sensitization BHR normalizes, whereas HDM allergy indicates a persistence of asthma beyond infancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.14047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T13:07:12Z","timestamp":1702300032000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Severe bronchial hyperresponsiveness along with house dust mite allergy indicates persistence of asthma in young children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Helena","family":"Donath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Klenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Hutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aniello","family":"Meoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"},{"name":"Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordis","family":"Trischler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Blumchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1204-0627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Zielen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt  Frankfurt Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Respiratory Diseases Medaimun GmbH  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00186"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"European Respiratory Society.European Lung white book \u2013 Chapter\u00a011 childhood asthma.https:\/\/www.erswhitebook.org\/chapters\/childhood\u2010asthma\/. 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