{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T16:02:03Z","timestamp":1779379323795,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is a promising approach for treating IgE\u2010mediated food allergy, but safety concerns limit its use. Heat\u2010denaturation of food allergens may reduce allergic reactions by lowering IgE binding. Here, we examined how heat\u2010induced structural changes in egg allergens affected basophil activation in egg\u2010allergic patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gal d 1 and Gal d 2 were subjected to heat treatment and analyzed for structural changes using SDS\u2010PAGE, ELISA, NanoDSF, and circular dichroism. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from a cohort of 42 patients with egg allergy. Patients' sensitization status was determined, and basophils were isolated and incubated with native or heat\u2010denatured egg allergen preparations. Basophil activation was assessed by measuring leukotriene release as a marker of degranulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Heat\u2010denaturation induced time\u2010 and temperature\u2010dependent structural changes in both Gal d 1 and Gal d 2, resulting in reduced IgE binding capacity. In functional assays, heat\u2010denatured allergens elicited weaker basophil degranulation responses compared to native allergens, but the effect varied depending on individual IgE sensitization profiles. Among patients who reacted to heat\u2010denatured allergens, egg\u2010white IgE levels tended to be higher, although requiring higher doses to trigger leukotriene release.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Heat\u2010denaturation of egg allergens reduces IgE\u2010binding and basophil activation, although residual reactivity persists in patients with higher sensitization profiles. Importantly, higher allergen doses were needed to trigger basophil degranulation compared to native allergens, indicating a reduction in allergenic potency. These findings highlight the potential of heat\u2010denatured egg allergens as safer starting materials for OIT, particularly within personalized, stepwise desensitization protocols, warranting further clinical investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.70275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T10:08:21Z","timestamp":1767607701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Heat\u2010treated egg allergens show lower basophil activation: A path toward safer oral immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5371-0514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Paolucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Breiding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, University Children's Hospital and Children's Research Center University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Macsmeila","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana G.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Laboratory for Functional Immune Repertoire Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, D\u2010CHAB ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agathe","family":"Duda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"K\u00f6hli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Hospital Baden  Baden Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia C. 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