{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T12:28:39Z","timestamp":1777984119628,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Allergy Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the increasing prevalence of walnut allergy (WA), no allergen components have been established as markers of disease severity. This study aimed to identify proteins specifically associated with severe WA in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed 48 children aged 3.4\u201316\u2009years who underwent an oral food challenge to walnut between February 2019 and March 2022. Children with positive and negative reactions were categorized into a WA group and walnut sensitization (WS) group, respectively. The dose\u2010adjusted reaction severity of WA patients was quantified using the Anaphylaxis Scoring Aichi's total score divided by the cumulative protein dose that induced symptoms (TS\/Pro). Using the median TS\/Pro value in all cases of the WA group as a cut\u2010off, 11 of 21 WA patients with stored sera were classified as high TS\/Pro (TS\/Pro \u2265154.1); the remaining 10 patients were classified as low TS\/Pro. Immunoblotting, mass spectrometry, and enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to identify candidate markers of WA severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Jug r 1\u2010specific IgE (sIgE) levels were higher in the WA group, but were not significantly associated with TS\/Pro. Immunoblotting and mass spectrometry detected phospholipase D alpha 1 (PLDa1) in 5\/11 (45.5%) high TS\/Pro patients and 1\/10 (10%) low TS\/Pro patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.149). ELISA with recombinant PLDa1 confirmed similar results. Moreover, the absorbance of recombinant PLDa1\u2010sIgE was significantly correlated with TS\/Pro (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.47,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.032).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PLDa1 (Jug r 9) is a candidate marker of WA severity. The early identification of children at risk of severe WA may aid clinicians in optimizing their management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.70291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T09:23:02Z","timestamp":1770024182000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Proteomic approach to investigate allergens involved in severe walnut allergy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0152-007X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoshi","family":"Mochizuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Kasugai Municipal Hospital  Kasugai Japan"},{"name":"Department of Allergy, Allergy and Immunology Center Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5366-6899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoshi","family":"Shimojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Department of Advanced Allergy and Immunology Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"General Research and Development Institute Hoyu Co., Ltd  Nagakute Japan"},{"name":"Department of Allergology Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"Department of Integrative Medical Science for Allergic Disease Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3660-1823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teruaki","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy, Allergy and Immunology Center Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Japan"},{"name":"Collaborative Department of Advanced Allergy and Immunology Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8962-851X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsumasa","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy, Allergy and Immunology Center Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6133-4314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Department of Advanced Allergy and Immunology Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"General Research and Development Institute Hoyu Co., Ltd  Nagakute 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Advanced Allergy and Immunology Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"Department of Allergology Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1932-7973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Komei","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy, Allergy and Immunology Center Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Japan"},{"name":"Collaborative Department of Advanced Allergy and Immunology Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"Department of Integrative Medical Science for Allergic Disease Fujita Health University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"Comprehensive Pediatric Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya 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