{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T19:00:14Z","timestamp":1776452414213,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,29]],"date-time":"2012-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ilio\u2010inguinal\/iliohypogastric nerve block (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">INB<\/jats:styled-content>) is one of the most common peripheral nerve block techniques in pediatric anesthesia, which is largely due to the introduction of ultrasound (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>) guidance. Despite the benefits of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> guidance, the absence of an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> machine should not deter the provider from performing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">INB<\/jats:styled-content>, considering that many institutions, especially in developing countries, cannot afford to provide ultrasound machines in their anesthesiology departments. The aim of this study was to revisit the anatomical position of the ilio\u2010inguinal and iliohypogastric nerves in relation to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), in a large sample of neonatal cadavers, and compare the results with a similar group in a previously published <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010guided study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>With Ethics Committee approval, the ilio\u2010inguinal and iliohypogastric nerves were carefully dissected in 54 neonatal cadavers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the total sample, the ilio\u2010inguinal nerve was found to be 2.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0mm from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASIS<\/jats:styled-content>, on a line connecting the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASIS<\/jats:styled-content> to the umbilicus. The iliohypogastric nerve was on average 3.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3\u00a0mm from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASIS<\/jats:styled-content>. For the entire sample, the optimal needle insertion site was 3.00\u00a0mm from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASIS<\/jats:styled-content>. Although there is a strong correlation between the needle insertion point and the weight of the neonate, this will only \u2018fit\u2019 for 60% of the population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The linear regression formula; needle insertion distance (mm)\u00a0=\u00a00.6\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0weight\u00a0+\u00a01.8 can be used as a guideline for the position of the ilio\u2010inguinal and iliohypogastric nerves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,31]],"date-time":"2012-12-31T17:10:36Z","timestamp":1356973836000},"page":"390-394","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Revisiting the anatomy of the ilio\u2010inguinal\/iliohypogastric nerve block"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Albert\u2010Neels","family":"van Schoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marius C.","family":"Bosman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian T.","family":"Bosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management University Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cacc.2008.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31819cb1f3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cacc.2008.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2005.01464.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"476","volume-title":"Regional Anesthesia in Infants, Children, and Adolescents","author":"Dalens BJ","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8537(05)70168-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2002.00832.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/78.3.314"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2000.ab01b.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Colonic puncture during ilioinguinal nerve block in a child","volume":"88","author":"J\u00f6hr M","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesth Anal"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpan.12099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pan.12099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T08:36:04Z","timestamp":1700642164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pan.12099"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Per\u2010Arne","family":"Lonnqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,29]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pan.12099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pan.12099","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1155-5645","1460-9592"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1155-5645","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-9592","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,29]]}}}