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Considering the prevalence of pediatric <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBI<\/jats:styled-content>, it is important for the clinician to be aware of evidence\u2010based recommendations for the care of these patients. The first edition of the <jats:italic>Guidelines for the Acute Medical Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Infants, Children, and Adolescents<\/jats:italic> was published in 2003. The <jats:italic>Guidelines<\/jats:italic> were updated in 2012, with significant changes in the recommendations for hyperosmolar therapy, temperature control, hyperventilation, corticosteroids, glucose therapy, and seizure prophylaxis. 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