{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:45:03Z","timestamp":1790660703543,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]],"date-time":"2014-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81201021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81201021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed the updated literature and performed a meta\u2010analysis based on randomized controlled trials in children to compare the clinical efficacy between video laryngoscopes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content>s) and direct laryngoscopes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DL<\/jats:styled-content>s).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched articles published in English matching the key words \u2018video laryngoscope (including Airtraq, GlideScope, Storz, TruView, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AWS<\/jats:styled-content>, Bullard, McGrath)\u2019 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AND<\/jats:styled-content> \u2018direct laryngoscope\u2019 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AND<\/jats:styled-content> \u2018children (including pediatric, infant, neonate)\u2019 in PubMed, Ovid, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library databases. Only prospective randomized controlled trials (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s), which compared the use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content>s and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DL<\/jats:styled-content>s in children, were included. The relative risk (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>), weighted mean difference (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>), and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) were calculated using the quality effects model of the <jats:sc>metaxl<\/jats:sc> 1.3 software for outcome data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen studies were included in this meta\u2010analysis. Although <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content>s improved the glottis visualization in most children either with normal airways or with potentially difficult intubations, the time to intubation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TTI<\/jats:styled-content>) was prolonged in comparison to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DL<\/jats:styled-content>s (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>: 4.9\u00a0s; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.6\u20137.1). Subgroup analysis showed the GlideScope (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>: 5.2\u00a0s; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.0\u20138.5), TruView (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>: 5.1\u00a0s; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.7\u20139.5), Storz (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>: 6.4\u00a0s; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 4.8\u20138.1), and Bullard (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>: 37.5\u00a0s; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 21.0\u201354.0) rather than Airtraq (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.6\u00a0s; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: \u22127.7\u20138.9) prolonged <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TTI<\/jats:styled-content>. Although the success rate of the first attempt (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.96; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.92\u20131.00) and associated complications (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.11; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.39\u20133.16) were similar in both groups, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content>s were associated with a higher incidence of failure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>: 6.70; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.53\u201329.39).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This meta\u2010analysis demonstrates that although <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content>s improved glottis visualization in pediatric patients, this was at the expense of prolonged <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TTI<\/jats:styled-content> and increased failures. However, further studies are needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content>s in hands of nonexperts and in children with airway problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]],"date-time":"2014-06-24T13:11:01Z","timestamp":1403615461000},"page":"1056-1065","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["Pediatric video laryngoscope versus direct laryngoscope: a meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Videolaryngoscopes in pediatric anesthesia: what's new?","volume":"80","author":"Fiadjoe JE","year":"2014","journal-title":"Minerva 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