{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:36:23Z","timestamp":1788453383844,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,21]],"date-time":"2014-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Current knowledge on local anesthetic dosage for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAP<\/jats:styled-content> block in pediatric patients is very limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effect of two escalating local anesthetic doses on postsurgical analgesic outcomes in children receiving a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAP<\/jats:styled-content> block.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was a prospective, randomized, double\u2010blinded, clinical trial. Children (&lt;8\u00a0years) were randomized to one of the two intervention groups: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAP<\/jats:styled-content> block with bupivacaine at a dose of 2.5\u00a0mg\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> or 1.25\u00a0mg\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Analgesic outcomes included pain scores in the postanesthesia care unit (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PACU<\/jats:styled-content>), time to analgesic requirement and total number of analgesic requirements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010six patients were recruited in the study. Pain scores in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PACU<\/jats:styled-content> were not different between study groups. The total number of analgesic dosage required in 24\u00a0h after surgery was higher in the lower dose group, median (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content>) of 4 (3 to 5) compared to 2.5 (1.5 to 3) in the greater dose group, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.03. There was a clinically but not statistically significant difference in the time to first analgesic requirement in the 2.5\u00a0mg\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> group, median (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content>) of 248 (130 to 367) minutes compared to 146 (95 to 261) minutes in the 1.25\u00a0mg\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> dose group, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.15.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of higher local anesthetic doses for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAP<\/jats:styled-content> block in children does not provide benefits on early pain scores but seems to improve analgesic duration and decrease the need for additional analgesics over 24\u00a0h after surgery. The use of higher, but yet safe, local anesthetic dosages for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAP<\/jats:styled-content> blocks is a viable strategy to improve analgesia in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,21]],"date-time":"2014-10-21T06:20:51Z","timestamp":1413872451000},"page":"506-510","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Dose effect of local anesthetics on analgesic outcomes for the transversus abdominis plane (<scp>TAP<\/scp>) block in children: a randomized, double\u2010blinded, clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Santhanam","family":"Suresh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren J.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Ann &amp; Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Gildasio S.","family":"De Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet379"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182a8ee52"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12438"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2012.03916.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2011.03783.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000284"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2009.02958.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2010.03296.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31829ed28f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182a5d656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e318287fe53"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e3182707176"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e32835d2fcb"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000197"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000224"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpan.12550","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pan.12550","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T15:17:33Z","timestamp":1696259853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pan.12550"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Per\u2010Arne","family":"Lonnqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,21]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pan.12550"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pan.12550","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1155-5645","1460-9592"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1155-5645","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-9592","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,21]]}}}