{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T07:37:56Z","timestamp":1783841876165,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,12]],"date-time":"2015-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The transfusion of blood products in the setting of uncontrolled bleeding is unquestionably lifesaving. However, in many instances, the decision to transfuse is based on physician gestalt rather than medical evidence. When indications for transfusion are unclear, the benefits of blood products must be balanced against their significant risks and associated costs. As our institution is a referral center for patients of Jehovah's Witness faith, this population has pushed our development of techniques to achieve the goal of bloodless surgery. Our practices in caring for this population have become our standard practice for managing all patients undergoing congenital cardiac surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate our success in minimizing the use of blood products during pediatric cardiac surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After IRB approval, we retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent cardiac surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), for biventricular repair procedures. The study was conducted at a single institution (Nationwide Children's Hospital (NCH)) during the period: January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 209 patients were included. Overall, 81 patients (38.8%) and 81 of 136 (59.6%) weighing more than 6\u00a0kg received no blood products (bloodless) during their entire hospital stay. Bloodless surgery was most successful in patients weighing more than 18\u00a0kg, followed by patients weighing 6\u201318\u00a0kg. All 73 patients who weighed &lt;6\u00a0kg received blood transfusion during their hospitalization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The techniques that we have developed to initially care for our Jehovah's Witness families may be applied to other pediatric and adult surgical procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,12]],"date-time":"2015-01-12T10:00:27Z","timestamp":1421056827000},"page":"477-486","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["A single\u2010center strategy to minimize blood transfusion in\u00a0neonates and children undergoing cardiac surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Aymen N.","family":"Naguib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus OH USA"},{"name":"The Heart Center Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus OH 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