{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T22:00:22Z","timestamp":1780092022530,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,8]],"date-time":"2017-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The caudal epidural block is one of the most commonly used regional anesthetic techniques in children. Administration of morphine via caudal injection enables analgesia, even for upper abdominal surgery. The thoracic paravertebral block has also been successfully used to treat perioperative pain during upper abdominal procedures in pediatric patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the current study, we compared the two regional techniques for upper abdominal surgery in infants to determine whether one of them was preferable to the other.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consecutive patients under 12 months of age who underwent upper abdominal surgery were retrospectively divided according to the chosen postoperative analgesia: Group C, caudal ropivacaine\u2010morphine; Group P, paravertebral catheter. We analyzed the following outcomes: requirement for additional analgesics, pain scores, need for mechanical ventilation and oxygen dosage, postoperative blood pressure and heart rate, time to pass first stool, time until first full meal, and complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010one consecutive patients were included: 10 in Group C and 11 in Group P. Median age at surgery was 80 (47.5\u2212270.0) and 84.5 (34.3\u2212287.5) days, respectively. No difference was found between the two groups in requirement for additional analgesics at 24 h after surgery (median 1 in Group C vs 1 in Group P, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.288, 95% CI: \u22122 to 1). BOPS pain scores were only lower in Group P when compared to Group C at 24 h after surgery (median 1 vs 2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.041, 95% CI: \u22122 to 0). None of the patients had perioperative complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this small series, there was no significant difference between caudal ropivacaine\u2010morphine and paravertebral catheter for postoperative care in infants undergoing upper abdominal surgery. Further prospective studies are needed to compare the efficacy and incidence of complications of caudal block and paravertebral catheter for postoperative analgesia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T04:12:39Z","timestamp":1486613559000},"page":"524-530","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparison of caudal ropivacaine\u2010morphine and paravertebral catheter for major upper abdominal surgery in infants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7683-8078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Iida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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