{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T21:37:39Z","timestamp":1789940259410,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sleep\u2010disordered breathing has a prevalence of 12% in the pediatric population. It represents a spectrum of disorders encompassing abnormalities of the upper airway that lead to sleep disruption, including primary snoring, obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, and sleep\u2010related hypoventilation. Sleep\u2010disordered breathing is the most common indication for adenotonsillectomy, one of the most common procedures performed in children. In recent years, the American Academy of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists have crafted guidelines to help safely manage children with sleep\u2010disordered breathing. Each organization recommends in\u2010laboratory polysomnography for definitive diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in certain cases. However, because this test is both costly and inconvenient, there has been significant interest in alternative methods for diagnosing clinically significant sleep\u2010disordered breathing. Accurate diagnosis is critical because sleep\u2010disordered breathing confers certain perioperative risks and increased mortality in some instances. Recent studies have elucidated the danger of anesthesia and opioids in worsening obstructive sleep apnea, and recommendations for alternative analgesia are being created. In addition, determining the most appropriate level and duration of monitoring in the postoperative period is actively being evaluated. This article presents an overview of the recent literature on the perioperative care of pediatric patients with sleep\u2010disordered breathing. It highlights innovative modalities and limitations in diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea, the importance of a tailored anesthetic\/analgesic approach to children with obstructive sleep apnea, and the need for postoperative monitoring. It also brings to focus that further studies on the perioperative care of these children are necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T14:04:45Z","timestamp":1538748285000},"page":"940-946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Diagnosis and perioperative management in pediatric sleep\u2010disordered breathing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Scalzitti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Otolaryngology and Sleep Medicine San Antonio Military Medical Center San Antonio Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0536-8886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Sarber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine Sleep Disorders Center Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1672"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200404000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2538"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1906"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199907000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00619.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200011000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2010.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2000.105254"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(99)00009-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.3049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.778"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2013.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-015-1289-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12911"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(84)80348-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(03)00182-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.3.610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.125.3.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811400683"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815583459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200610-1519OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811409837"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.3.379"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","unstructured":"Foundation NIfHCM.Reducing Health Disparities Among Children: Strategies and Programs for Health Plans. 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