{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:46:29Z","timestamp":1787849189683,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation in pediatric patients. Surgical repair of this malformation is a painful procedure and has long\u2010term effects. Pudendal and penile nerve blocks are commonly preferred techniques for maintaining postoperative analgesia. However, the conventional landmark\u2010based penile block technique involves numerous potential complications and provides a shorter analgesic period compared to the pudendal block. A promising ultrasound\u2010guided dorsal penile nerve block was recently described. We aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness of ultrasound\u2010guided penile nerve block with that of neurostimulator\u2010guided pudendal nerve block.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010three patients aged 1\u20107\u00a0years were included in this prospective, double\u2010blinded, randomized controlled trial. Patients were divided into two groups and received either ultrasound\u2010guided dorsal penile nerve block or neurostimulator\u2010guided pudendal nerve block. All blocks were performed by the same two anesthesiologists, and the same surgeons performed the surgical procedures. The Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) scale was used for postoperative pain management. The primary outcome of the study was time to first analgesic requirement. Secondary outcomes were FLACC scores at different time points, and types and cumulative doses of analgesic drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dorsal penile nerve block provided longer analgesia than pudendal nerve block (32.29\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.47\u00a0hours and 21.13\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.53\u00a0hours, respectively; differences in mean: 11.16, 95% CI: 7.873\u201014.465) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). FLACC scores at the time of first analgesic requirement were significantly lower in dorsal penile nerve block group than pudendal nerve block group (median [IQR]: 2 [2\u20102.5] and 3 [3\u20105], respectively; differences in median: \u22121, 95% CI: \u22121.851 to \u22120.149) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasound\u2010guided dorsal penile nerve block provided a longer analgesic period and reduced opioid consumption compared to neurostimulator\u2010guided pudendal nerve block.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T17:39:10Z","timestamp":1566409150000},"page":"1046-1052","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Ultrasound\u2010guided dorsal penile nerve block vs neurostimulator\u2010guided pudendal nerve block in children undergoing hypospadias surgery: A prospective, randomized, double\u2010blinded trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4389-4257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Can","family":"Aksu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Kocaeli Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa Alper","family":"Akay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Kocaeli Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Celal","family":"\u015een","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Kocaeli Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yavuz","family":"G\u00fcrkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Kocaeli Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.11-2-37"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000049841"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0703500217"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182a8ee52"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2011.03702.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000447"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2010.03448.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2011.03705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Pudendal nerve block versus penile nerve block in children undergoing circumcision","volume":"15","author":"Tutuncu AC","year":"2018","journal-title":"Urol J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2010.03405.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2009.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-016-0596-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"The FLACC: a behavioral scale for scoring postoperative pain in young children","volume":"23","author":"Merkel SI","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13657"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03011810"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2011.06753.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Ultrasound\u2010guided penile nerve block for pediatric hypospadias surgery","volume":"30","author":"T\u00fcrky\u0131lmaz N","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agri"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13429"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"Local anesthetic systemic toxicity: a review of recent case reports and registries","volume":"43","author":"Gitman M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2864-5"}],"container-title":["Pediatric 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