{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:51:54Z","timestamp":1747187514171,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,13]],"date-time":"2020-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pectus Excavatum is the most common deformation of the skeletal chest wall, and the Nuss procedure is used to correct this deformation. Residual pneumothorax is a frequent postoperative complication after thoracoscopy. Primary aim of this prospective observational study was to compare the level of agreement among readers using lung ultrasound and chest X\u2010ray.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was an inter\u2010reader single\u2010center prospective observational agreement study for lung ultrasound and chest X\u2010ray. Three lung ultrasound evaluations were performed at the end of surgery in the operating room by two Consultant Anesthesiologist (A1 and A2) and by a medical student (A3). Chest X\u2010ray was interpreted by a consultant Radiologist (R1) and a pool of 11 radiologists (collectively named R2). Cohen's kappa was used to evaluate the level of agreement between the two imaging techniques.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010eight pediatric patients were included in the study. The overall agreement among (A = Anesthesiologist) A1, A2, A3, (R = Radiologist) R1, and R2 in assessing pneumothorax was fair (k\u00a0=\u00a00.32; 95% CI 0.21\u20100.40). The stratified analysis showed moderate inter\u2010reader agreement among lung ultrasound readers A1, A2, and A3 (k 0.58; 95% CI 0.44\u20100.71), as opposed to the fair agreement found among chest X\u2010ray readers R1 and R2 (k\u00a0=\u00a00.39; 95% CI 0.18\u20100.60).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results support the use of lung ultrasound to diagnose pneumothorax after Nuss procedure. We found that the inter\u2010reader accuracy was better with ultrasound compared to X\u2010ray at our institution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T11:26:39Z","timestamp":1598873199000},"page":"1224-1232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The use of lung ultrasound compared to chest X\u2010ray to diagnose pneumothorax following the Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum repair in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2578-2304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachele","family":"Bonfiglio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2960-9333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Disma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Anesthesia Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2845-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Stagnaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Istituto Giannina Gaslini Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0904-5147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rossano","family":"Girometti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Institute of Radiology University of Udine Udine Italy"},{"name":"University Hospital S. 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