{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T17:33:33Z","timestamp":1773423213449,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Accurate insertion depth of endotracheal tube (ETT) in children has been predicted using the demographic variables, such as age, weight, and height. Middle finger length showed good correlation with ETT depth measurement in children aged 4\u201314\u00a0years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary objective was to correlate the actual ETT insertion depth with the depth derived from middle finger length, age, weight, and height formulae in children aged 1\u20134\u00a0years. The secondary objective was to find the most accurate formula for prediction of ETT insertion depth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective parallel group study was done in 50 american society of anesthesiologists 1 or 2 children aged 1\u20134\u00a0years undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Children with difficult airway, finger anomalies, or syndromic associations were excluded. Age, weight, height, and middle finger length of all children were measured. Depth of orally inserted uncuffed ETT and tracheal length was measured by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The actual ETT depth was correlated with the depth calculated from different formulae.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean middle finger length was 4.42\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.50\u00a0cm, age was 2.64\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.07\u00a0years, weight was 12.28\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.84\u00a0kg, and height was 82.89\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.23\u00a0cm. The mean tracheal length was 6.42\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.96\u00a0cm. The mean depth of ETT was actual depth (12.89\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.09\u00a0cm), middle finger depth (13.23\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.53cm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001; 95%CI 0.12\u20130.50), age\u2010based depth 1(3.31\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.53\u00a0cm; 95%CI 0.37\u20131.44; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001), weight\u2010based depth (14.14\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.42\u00a0cm; 95% CI 0.10\u20130.51; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004), and height\u2010based depth (13.73\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.94\u00a0cm; 95% CI 0.15\u20130.77; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004). Middle finger length and age\u2010based formulae showed higher number of accurate placements (58% each). Weight\u2010 (74%) and height (64%)\u2010derived formulae gave a higher number of distal ETT placements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Formulas based on the demographic variables and middle finger length showed good correlation with the actual ETT depth in children aged 1\u20134\u00a0years. The percentage of accurate ETT depth placements was higher with middle finger length and age\u2010based formulae.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]],"date-time":"2021-09-23T19:08:11Z","timestamp":1632424091000},"page":"1304-1309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Accuracy of predictive equations in guiding tracheal intubation depth in children: A prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Puneet","family":"Khanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8138-6202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heena","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1461-1518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bikash Ranjan","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1526-5370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajay","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riddhi","family":"Kundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4786-6413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renu","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198511000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198708000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojanes.2019.93005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181af6496"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2005.01577.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1995.tb05949.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17085\/apm.2018.13.3.241"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2006.01982.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V47N4p138","article-title":"Comparison 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