{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:15:56Z","timestamp":1783041356603,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adenotonsillectomy is associated with severe postoperative pain. The parent's postoperative pain measure (PPPM), a 15\u2010item instrument to measure a child's pain at home, has been validated with a seven\u2010point faces scale in children 7\u201312\u00a0years and with the parents' global report of pain in children 2\u20136\u00a0years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our primary objective was to validate the PPPM with a recommended age\u2010appropriate pain scale in children 2\u201312\u00a0years after adenotonsillectomy. Our secondary objective was to reduce the PPPM components and validate this reduced PPPM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 319 children out of the 563 adenotonsillectomies performed between December 19, 2017, and December 18, 2018. Parents recorded administration of analgesics and their child's pain scores twice daily for 14\u00a0days: PPPM for all children and either the face, legs, arms, crying, consolability (FLACC) pain scale for children 2\u20133\u00a0years or the faces pain scale\u2010revised (FPS\u2010R) for children 4\u201312\u00a0years. In addition, parents recorded analgesics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 354 eligible children, 9% of parents declined. 252 (79%) families submitted pain diaries. The median age was 2.9 [2.5\u20133.3]\u00a0years for FLACC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0114) and 5.6 [4.5\u20137.2]\u00a0years for FPS\u2010R (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0138). Across the 14\u2010day recovery period, Cronbach's alpha for PPPM was 0.77 to 0.87. Generalized linear mixed models evaluated the association between PPPM and reference pain scales after adjustment for potential confounders. Time of day and postoperative days were included as predictors in the models. PPPM was strongly associated with FLACC and FPS\u2010R (beta coefficient\u00a0=\u00a00.4; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). The association decreased over time, and the reduction was more significant for FPS\u2010R than FLACC (beta coefficient\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.13 vs. \u22120.04, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). There was a positive association between PPPM and the use of analgesics. A reduction analysis eliminated items from the original PPPM: four for FLACC and five for FPS\u2010R, suggesting age\u2010related differences. The reduced PPPM instruments achieved similar associations with their respective reference pain scales (beta coefficient\u00a0=\u00a00.5; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study extends previous work by validating the PPPM in children as young as 2\u00a0years with a recommended age\u2010appropriate pain scale over 14\u2010day convalescence after adenotonsillectomy. The reduced PPPM instruments differed in the two age groups. Future studies might explore these age\u2010appropriate reduced PPPM instruments to assess pain at home following adenotonsillectomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T18:34:25Z","timestamp":1643999665000},"page":"654-664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Validation of the parent's postoperative pain measure with an age\u2010appropriate reference pain scale for children 2\u201312\u00a0years old during a 14\u2010day recovery after tonsillectomy: A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Annick","family":"B\u00e9rard\u2010Giasson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology McGill University Health Center, Montreal Children's Hospital  Montreal Quebec 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