{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T22:15:42Z","timestamp":1778624142990,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anesthesia for posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis remains one of the most common surgeries performed in adolescents. These procedures have the potential for significant intraprocedural and postoperative complications. The potential for pressure injuries related to prone positioning must be understood and addressed. Additionally, neuromonitoring remains a mainstay for patient care in order to adequately assess patient neurologic integrity and alert the providers to a reversible action. As such, causes of neuromonitoring signal loss must be well understood, and the provider should have a systematic approach to signal loss. Further, anesthetic design must facilitate intraoperative wake\u2010up to allow for a definitive assessment of neurologic function. Perioperative bleeding risk is high in posterior spinal fusion due to the extensive surgical exposure and potentially lengthy operative time, so the provider should undertake strategies to reduce blood loss and avoid coagulopathy. Pain management for adolescents undergoing spinal fusion is also challenging, and inadequate analgesia can delay recovery, impede patient\/family satisfaction, increase the risk of chronic postsurgical pain\/disability, and lead to prolonged opioid use. Many of the significant complications associated with this procedure, however, can be avoided with intentional and evidence\u2010based approaches covered in this review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T06:32:47Z","timestamp":1690957967000},"page":"894-904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Error traps and preventative strategies for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis spinal surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4755-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dudley E.","family":"Hammon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Wake Forest University School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7913-1932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vidya","family":"Chidambaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7665-8138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Templeton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Wake Forest University School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie\u00a0R.","family":"Pestieau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Washington National  Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04225-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.6.PEDS16200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003517"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem380"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.3_Part_1.471"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Quadriplegia in a patient who underwent posterior fossa surgery in the prone position. Case report","volume":"96","author":"Rau CS","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002177"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"692","article-title":"Adverse events during transcranial muscle evoked potential monitoring","volume":"60","author":"Kuwahara Y","year":"2011","journal-title":"Masui"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000179305.89193.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9738\/INTSURG-D-13-00256.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Postoperative visual loss registry: preliminary analysis of factors associated with spine operations","volume":"67","author":"Lee LA","year":"2003","journal-title":"ASA Newsl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200610000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14327"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200711000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000388"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2013.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2015.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253210362792"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2017.00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568219836993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197306000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-05939-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.18.00314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000354"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001595"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03175.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-16-00035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2016.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3182870325"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000296719.73450.52"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000109883.18015.B9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.08.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003455"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13574"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","unstructured":"National Blood Authority (Australia).Patient Blood Management Guidelines: Module 6 Neonatal and Paediatrics.2016. Accessed June 21 2023.https:\/\/urldefense.com\/v3\/__https:\/www.blood.gov.au\/pbm\u2010module\u20106__;!!GA8Xfdg!ynqhsrPWDlw_hZ1SNqoPmo9bKgLVJvJztrKmMA9T63MC95lZgaudk5G4K82QcgVuSRJp4ZCv6_r0wEKtx\u201084VKjFrkPhzg$"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2014.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3182a22a54"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000820"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001271"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000728"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13617"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-004-0754-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000018577"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1529-9430(02)00174-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2020.00045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.24828"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000778"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S170395"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2020.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181bdf22a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3282-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14444\/6036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.03.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000319"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12420"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_64_1","first-page":"1048","article-title":"The value of \u201cmultimodal\u201d or \u201cbalanced analgesia\u201d in postoperative pain treatment","volume":"77","author":"Kehlet H","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000000671"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200512000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/78.5.606"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001666"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002206"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2016.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-014-0587-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-021-00310-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001892"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-020-00423-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-018-2541-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14526"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/pq9.0000000000000336"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005366"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000216036.95705.c2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/87.6.866"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2018-100217"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31829cab0b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000150832.53604.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817bd8be"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5055\/jom.2015.0278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200103000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181a90ceb"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03017921"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000576"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1574886311666160719154420"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1529-9430(02)00446-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181d41dc2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12524"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5396-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-018-0906-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318183919e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12417"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12571"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.919971"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aex038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1337119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f352d1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-06133-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-019-01543-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-2439"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002586"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.06.014"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pan.14735","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T08:29:13Z","timestamp":1696408153000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pan.14735"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":112,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pan.14735"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pan.14735","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1155-5645","1460-9592"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1155-5645","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-9592","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}