{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:52:46Z","timestamp":1790812366356,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mortality from congenital heart disease has decreased considerably in the last two decades due to improvements in overall health care. However, there are barriers to access to healthcare in Latin America for this population, which could be related to factors such as healthcare system, policies, resources, geographic, cultural, educational, and psychological factors. Understanding the barriers to access to care is of paramount importance for the design and implementation of policies and facilitate the provision of care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to investigate the perception of barriers to access to health care on parents\/guardians of children with congenital heart disease in selected Latin American countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A descriptive, cross\u2010sectional study, in which parents\/guardians or primary caregivers of children with congenital heart disease was recruited to participate and surveyed. Once the informed consent process had been completed, a set of paper\u2010based scales was used to collect data, namely socioeconomic and demographic information, the Barriers to Care for Children with Special Health Care Needs Questionnaire, and the General Health Questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 286 participants completed the surveys, with an average age of 34.81\u2009years and 73.4% being female. Mean score of overall barriers was 54.45 (minimum score 39, maximum score 195, higher scores show greater perception of barriers). In Mexico, the parents\/guardians of children perceived fewer barriers to access (46.69), while Peru is the country where the most barriers were perceived (69.91). Nonpoor participants showed higher overall barrier perception scores (57.34) than poor participants (52.58). The regression analysis demonstrated the overall perception of barriers was positively associated with individual and social factors, such as educational level, contract status, household monthly income, and psychological well\u2010being and with the country of the participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple factors are associated with the perception of barriers to accessing health care for children with congenital heart disease, including socioeconomic status, expectations, psychological well\u2010being, and structural factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T07:45:07Z","timestamp":1711093507000},"page":"893-905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Barriers to healthcare access for children with congenital heart disease in eight Latin American countries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3144-9954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Lopez\u2010Barreda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology United Nations University  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorena","family":"Schaigorodsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Garrahan  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0902-3068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital del Ni\u00f1o, Dr. Ovidio Aliaga Uria  La Paz Bolivia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilbaldo","family":"Salas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamile","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio Vid Clinic  Medellin Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Betanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Maria Especialidades Pediatricas  Tegucigalpa Honduras"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Angulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignacio Chavez  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Huam\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Cardiovascular, INCOR  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gladys","family":"Lejbusiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanatorio Americano de Montevideo  Montevideo Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Pedrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing Universidad Andres Bello  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Pavlova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"Groot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology United Nations University  Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"School of Business and Economics Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Ibla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain Medicine and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts 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