{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T23:14:11Z","timestamp":1781824451758,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dexmedetomidine, an \u03b1\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010adrenergic agonist, reduces propofol and remifentanil requirements when used as an adjunct to total intravenous anesthesia in adults, but studies in a pediatric population are sparse. This study investigates the magnitude of dose\u2010sparing effects of a postinduction dexmedetomidine bolus on propofol and remifentanil requirements during pediatric surgery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this randomized, double\u2010blind, controlled trial, children aged 2\u201310\u2009years undergoing elective dental surgery were assigned to one of four groups: placebo, 0.25\u2009mcg\/kg dexmedetomidine, 0.5\u2009mcg\/kg dexmedetomidine, and 1\u2009mcg\/kg dexmedetomidine. Maintenance with fixed\u2010ratio propofol and remifentanil total intravenous anesthesia followed a bispectral index (BIS)\u2010guided algorithm designed to maintain a stable depth of anesthesia. The primary outcomes were time\u2010averaged maintenance infusion rates of propofol and remifentanil. Secondary outcomes in the postanesthetic care unit included sedation scores, pain scores, and time to discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from 67 patients were available for analysis. The median [interquartile range] propofol infusion rate was lower in the 1\u2009mcg\/kg dexmedetomidine group (180 [164\u2013185] mcg\/kg\/min) versus placebo (200 [178\u2013220] mcg\/kg\/min): percent change \u221210.0%; 95% CI \u22122.4 to \u221219.8;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013. The remifentanil infusion rate was also lower in the 1\u2009mcg\/kg dexmedetomidine group (0.089 [0.080, 0.095] mcg\/kg\/min) versus placebo (0.103 [0.095, 0.106] mcg\/kg\/min): percent change, \u221213.7%; 95% CI \u22125.47 to \u221221.0;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.022. However, neither propofol nor remifentanil infusion rates were significantly different in the 0.25 or 0.5\u2009mcg\/kg dexmedetomidine groups. In the postanesthesia care unit, there were no differences in pain or sedation scores, and time to discharge was not significantly prolonged in any dexmedetomidine group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dexmedetomidine 1\u2009mcg\/kg reduced the propofol and remifentanil requirements during maintenance of anesthesia in children when administered as a postinduction bolus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      : NCT03422978, date of registration 2018\u201002\u201006.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T04:20:28Z","timestamp":1724818828000},"page":"1213-1222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anesthetic\u2010sparing effect of dexmedetomidine during total intravenous anesthesia for children undergoing dental surgery: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3198-9512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor C. L.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1226-5327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Randa","family":"Ridgway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesia BC Children's Hospital  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8382-5136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas 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