{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T20:01:17Z","timestamp":1781812877971,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Midazolam is commonly used and effective in reducing preoperative anxiety in children. Nonpharmacological interventions, such as video distraction, are also well established for alleviating preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients, particularly those treated in ambulatory settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore whether video distraction during anesthesia induction provides additional anxiety reduction in children premedicated with midazolam.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective randomized controlled trial, children aged 2\u201310\u2009years scheduled for elective noncardiac surgery were premedicated with midazolam and randomly assigned to either a video group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200954) or a control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200951). In the video group, videoclips were displayed as a distraction prior to anesthesia induction, while the control group received standard care. Anxiety was measured using the short form of the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS\u2010SF). The primary endpoint was the change in mYPAS\u2010SF scores between transfer to the operating theater and anesthesia induction (\u0394mYPAS\u2010SF). Secondary endpoints included emergence delirium, postoperative pain, and compliance during anesthesia induction. Character traits were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no additional anxiety reduction in the video group compared to the control group. The change in mYPAS\u2010SF scores (median [interquartile range]) was 4.2 (\u22122.1, 16.7) in the control group and 4.16 (\u22122.1, 7.0) in the video group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.246). Similarly, there were no significant differences between the groups regarding compliance during anesthesia induction, emergence delirium, or postoperative pain. Compliance during anesthesia induction, emergence delirium, and postoperative pain was similar between the groups. Additional anxiety reduction through video distraction was observed in children with pronounced anxiety traits, including \u201cGeneral Phobia,\u201d \u201cSeparation,\u201d \u201cPanic,\u201d and the overall \u201cTotal Phobia\u201d score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our study, video distraction did not result in additional anxiety reduction in children premedicated with midazolam prior to anesthesia induction in a hospital setting. Certain children with specific personality traits may still benefit from this intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Registry: German Clinical Trial Register; Registration number: DRKS00025411; Principal investigator's name: Armin Sablewski; Date of registration: February 15, 2022; <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/drks.de\/search\/en\/trial\/DRKS00025411\">https:\/\/drks.de\/search\/en\/trial\/DRKS00025411<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.15105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T02:35:12Z","timestamp":1743820512000},"page":"542-551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of Video Distraction on Anxiety During Anesthesia Induction in Pediatric Patients Premedicated With Midazolam: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3132-589X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armin","family":"Sablewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thorben","family":"Jacobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiltrud","family":"Muhle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropediatrics University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Kandzia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asita","family":"Fazel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Meinzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplant and Pediatric Surgery University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dithild\u2010Angelika","family":"Melchior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amke","family":"Caliebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kalab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2026-7629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Becher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingmar","family":"Lautenschl\u00e4ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Hospital S\u2010H  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19169828"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2010.03263.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000136471.36680.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"176","article-title":"Practice of Preoperative Anxiety Management in Paediatric Anaesthesia. 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