{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T19:42:16Z","timestamp":1781206936939,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Oxygen Reserve Index (ORI) is a novel, noninvasive parameter that reflects moderate hyperoxic states. However, its relationship with PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in the pediatric population remains poorly understood. We investigated the ORI\u2010PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> relationship during pediatric cardiac surgery and identified its influencing factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective observational study included 98 pediatric patients (&lt;\u20097\u2009years of age) who underwent cardiac surgery for congenital heart defects. ORI and PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> were measured at FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> levels of 0.21, 0.5, and 0.8, both before and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Linear mixed models and regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between ORI and PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> by incorporating covariates such as hemoglobin (Hb), ejection fraction (EF), and perfusion index (PI). Locally weighted regression analysis was conducted to identify potential PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> thresholds influencing this relationship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 487 data samples were analyzed. A nonlinear relationship between ORI and PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was observed, with a threshold of 245\u2009mmHg dividing the data into two distinct ranges. Pearson correlation coefficients between ORI and PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> were significant in both ranges: 0.516 (PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2264\u2009245\u2009mmHg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and 0.151 (PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009&gt;\u2009245\u2009mmHg, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035). Although Hb level and EF showed no impact, only PI had a mildly negative relationship with ORI before CPB. The relationship between ORI and PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> remained consistent across both pre\u2010 and post\u2010CPB periods (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.304 and 0.337, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ORI consistently correlates with PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in children undergoing cardiac surgery, is unaffected by Hb or EF, and may serve as a useful tool for monitoring oxygenation trends.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03130023<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.70014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T09:34:04Z","timestamp":1753090444000},"page":"810-815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Dynamics of Oxygen Reserve Index and Arterial Oxygen Partial Pressure in Children: A Prospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3738-0081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin\u2010Tae","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Bin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang\u2010Hwan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young\u2010Eun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0697-1935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun\u2010Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee\u2010Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8384-8191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji\u2010Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-022-01012-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-017-0049-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-021-02938-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-023-01001-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2022.100065"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13741-024-00456-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2023.12.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1390-9_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-021-00765-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000002018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14743"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.27343"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001262"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-017-0870-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.03.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-023-03259-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.001415"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1057-8"}],"container-title":["Pediatric 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