{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T20:11:38Z","timestamp":1757621498868,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of herbal mixture versus chloral hydrate for sedation induction in the pediatric population undergoing echocardiography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy pediatric patients referred to the echocardiography clinic were randomly allocated to receive either the herbal mixture or chloral hydrate for sedation induction. Sedation adequacy, echocardiography completion, onset and duration of action, and adverse effects were compared between the two groups from April 2022 to July 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over a 4\u2010month period, 70 patients received chloral hydrate (50\u2009mg\/kg) or an herbal admixture based on the company leaflet. The mean age of the patients was 20.95\u2009\u00b1\u200916.63\u2009months, with the majority being male (58.3%). Adequate sedation was similar between the two groups. A Ramsay sedation score of \u2265\u20094 was achieved in 90% of the patients in the herbal product group and in 96.7% of the patients in the chloral hydrate group (OR: 0.31, relative risk 95% CI: 0.03\u20133.16, p:0.32). Oxygen desaturation and blood pressure fluctuations were not observed during the procedure or recovery. Chloral hydrate had a shorter onset of action and a longer duration of action (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), respectively and was associated with higher adverse effects (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of our study suggest that an herbal mixture can be effectively used for procedural sedation during echocardiography in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>IRCT20200202046335N2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.70030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T05:33:46Z","timestamp":1754372026000},"page":"822-830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Description of the Properties of an Herbal Admixture (BabySed) During Trans\u2010Thoracic Echocardiography in Children Under Six Years Old, and Comparison to Chloral Hydrate"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Kosar","family":"Yazdani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Jalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center Health Policy and Promotion Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2441-7332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Heydarpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Biology Research Center Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0640-356X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Foroud","family":"Shahbazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Development Center Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0154-8487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lida","family":"Shojaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center Health Policy and Promotion Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-1000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68230-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1445"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.758532"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-016-1391-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjaceaccp\/mkh034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181ca12a8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.24125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-017-0217-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200629010-00005"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"444","article-title":"Chloral Hydrate: Is It Still Being Used? Are There Safer Alternatives?","volume":"44","author":"Grissinger M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"P&T: A Peer\u2010Reviewed Journal for Formulary Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-14-218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2023.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-021-03281-7"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"Exploration of the Frequency and Pattern of the Use of Herbal Medicines by Parents\/Caregivers for Children Under 12\u2009Years at the Kumasi South, Ghana","volume":"8","author":"Turkson B. K.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Herbal Medicines Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.09.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147745"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16203545"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113559"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3019568"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020530"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"280","article-title":"Iranian Traditional Medicine for Treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity in Children: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"53","author":"Noorazar S. G.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200831010-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-200002000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922813508000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-014-3091-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","unstructured":"Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products \u201cEuropean Union Herbal Monographs: Overview of Recommendations for the Uses of Herbal Medicinal Products in the Paediatric Population \u201dEuropean Medicines Agency (2023)."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"609","article-title":"Passiflora incarnata\n                   In the Treatment of Attention\u2010Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents","volume":"2","author":"Akhondzadeh S.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Practice"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2006.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2014.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2020.102657"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pan.70030","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T14:15:13Z","timestamp":1757340913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pan.70030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pan.70030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pan.70030","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1155-5645","1460-9592"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1155-5645"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1460-9592"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}