{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T02:52:35Z","timestamp":1780627955296,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preventive measures for postoperative vomiting (POV) in pediatric strabismus surgery are essential. Previous experimental studies have shown the independent antiemetic effects of propofol\u2010based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), dexamethasone (DEX), and ondansetron (OND). However, the real\u2010world outcomes of POV following the combined use of DEX and OND with propofol\/opioid TIVA remain unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the longitudinal incidence of POV across three phases of different anesthesia regimens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective observational study was conducted at a single tertiary\u2010care children's hospital in Japan, including children aged &lt;\u200918\u2009years who underwent strabismus surgery and had no major comorbidities. The primary outcome was either POV or the use of antiemetics within 24\u2009h or by discharge. Changes in the levels and time\u2010trend slopes of POV were evaluated using interrupted time series analysis among three phases: (1) sevoflurane with pentazocine, (2) propofol\/opioid TIVA with DEX, and (3) propofol\/opioid TIVA with DEX and OND.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 2378 children, the POV incidence in Phases 1, 2, and 3 was 109\/471 (23.1%), 87\/1260 (6.9%), and 28\/647 (4.3%), respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A significant level change in POV occurrence was observed from Phase 1 to Phase 2, while no significant level change was found from Phase 2 to Phase 3. The time\u2010trend changes in POV occurrence showed no significant difference during Phases 2 and 3.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Real\u2010world departmental\u2010level data showed a decrease in POV occurrence after transitioning from sevoflurane\u2010based anesthesia with pentazocine to propofol\/opioid TIVA with DEX. However, no significant decrease in POV occurrence was found by adding OND to propofol\/opioid TIVA with DEX. Further studies are needed to improve the generalizability of evaluating the real\u2010world antiemetic effect of combining antiemetic medications on propofol\/opioid TIVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T12:58:33Z","timestamp":1755867513000},"page":"47-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Real\u2010World Impact on Postoperative Vomiting by Changing Anesthesia Regimens in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7136-9815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taiki","family":"Kojima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center  Obu Japan"},{"name":"Division of Comprehensive Pediatric Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Yamauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia Kobe Children's Hospital  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayuri","family":"Yasuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Nagoya University School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichiro","family":"Obara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia Kobe Children's Hospital  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Sueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia Kobe Children's Hospital  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2020.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2020.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13268"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-023-02560-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-020-00424-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12619"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Defining Delayed Discharges of Inpatients and Their Impact in Acute Hospital Care: A Scoping Review","volume":"11","author":"Micallef A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Health Policy and Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.11.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004833"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-018-0632-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31826f0a0a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199712000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15295"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/pq9.0000000000000462"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7336"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.15047"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000135639.57715.6C"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","first-page":"800","article-title":"Interrupted Time Series for Assessing the Causality of Intervention Effects. 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