{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:12:34Z","timestamp":1759882354287,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010profile cases of sexual harassment (SH) have drawn attention to SH in the workplace via the #MeToo movement. Many studies demonstrate SH occurring in medical training and practice. Experiencing SH correlates with long\u2010term personal and professional detrimental effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to identify the prevalence of SH among pediatric anesthesiology fellowship program directors (PDs), associate PDs (APDs), and fellows. For comparison, we collected data about exposure to nonsexual harassment (NSH). We assessed the relationship between SH and burnout, characteristics of which overlap with documented ramifications of SH. We hypothesized our participants would report a high rate of SH, which would in turn correlate with higher levels of burnout.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Maslach Burnout Toolkit (MBT) and a sexual harassment survey were sent to PDs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200960) of pediatric anesthesiology fellowships to complete and distribute to APDs and fellows (~221). Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi\u2010square test, and Fisher's exact test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and sixty\u2010three physicians completed the surveys: 41 PDs, 13 APDs, and 109 fellows. Twenty\u2010two percent of respondents had experienced SH, 28% had witnessed SH, and 42% had experienced NSH. PDs were more likely to have experienced or witnessed SH or NSH than fellows (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Women were more likely to experience or witness SH. Those who experienced SH were more likely to report depersonalization (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Those who experienced or witnessed NSH were more likely to report emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Perpetrators of harassment were reported most commonly to be male surgical attendings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Harassment at work is common and may contribute to burnout among pediatric anesthesiologists. Lower incidence of SH among fellows suggests the work environment may be improving with time, but there is still work to do to ensure a safe environment for pediatric anesthesiologists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.70044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T13:00:25Z","timestamp":1756990825000},"page":"946-952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Harassment and Burnout in Academic Pediatric Anesthesiology"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9709-5435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. Karisa","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of Florida College of Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1924-8976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srijaya K.","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology Monroe Carell J. Children's Hospital\/Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Deutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain medicine Boston Children's Hospital\/Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine Stanford University  Stanford USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy L.","family":"Glass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Texas Children's Hospital\/Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franklyn P.","family":"Cladis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh\/University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.3812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission \u201cFact Sheet: Sexual Harassment Discrimination \u201d1997 accessed October 24 2024 https:\/\/www.eeoc.gov\/laws\/guidance\/fact\u2010sheet\u2010sexual\u2010harassment\u2010discrimination."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6570.2003.tb00752.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e31819391e2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-016-0853-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.11.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e3181a8130c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10401330709336619"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200212000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200504000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/meo.v20.25923"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2008.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363459304038799"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.4.352"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.2188"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6570.2000.tb00192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6570.2007.00067.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.3.358"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"732","article-title":"Gender Issues Among South African Anaesthetists","volume":"92","author":"Gardner S. 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