{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T00:18:16Z","timestamp":1768004296006,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,8]],"date-time":"2013-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urinary catheterization during surgery frequently leads to unfavorable signs and symptoms (ie urgency, discomfort, frequency) during recovery. These signs and symptoms are collectively called catheter\u2010related bladder discomfort (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRBD<\/jats:styled-content>). We hypothesized that preemptive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> ketamine administration prior to intra\u2010operative catheterization would reduce the incidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRBD<\/jats:styled-content> in the postoperative period when compared to placebo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study consisted of 114 adult patients undergoing elective nephrectomy. They were randomized to 2 equal groups of 57 subjects. In the intervention group, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> ketamine (0.5\u00a0mg\/kg) was administered directly after induction of anesthesia, but before urinary catheterization. The control group received an injection of 2\u00a0mL of normal saline. The study evaluated the incidence and severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRBD<\/jats:styled-content> at 0, 1, 2, and 6\u00a0hours after commencement of the recovery period. The study also compared the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, hallucinations, sedation, and respiratory depression in the 2 groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the 0\u2010 and 1\u2010hour evaluations, the incidence and severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRBD<\/jats:styled-content> were lower in the intervention group; however, at the 2\u2010 and 6\u2010hour evaluations, there were no significant differences in incidence and severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRBD<\/jats:styled-content> between the 2 groups. A decreased incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PONV<\/jats:styled-content>) was observed at 2\u2010 and 6\u2010hour visits in the intervention group. Also, a higher occurrence of sedation was seen at the 0\u2010hour checkup in the intervention group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preemptive administration of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> ketamine (0.5\u00a0mg\/kg) can reduce incidence and severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRBD<\/jats:styled-content> in the early postoperative period<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,8]],"date-time":"2013-04-08T08:07:27Z","timestamp":1365408447000},"page":"146-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Effects of Intra\u2010Operative Ketamine Administration on Postoperative Catheter\u2010Related Bladder Discomfort: A Double\u2010Blind Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Reza","family":"Shariat Moharari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sina Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahbod","family":"Lajevardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sina Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Khajavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sina Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atabak","family":"Najafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sina Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gazelle","family":"Shariat Moharari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Health and Sciences University Augusta Georgia U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Etezadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sina Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annfar.2010.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000281154.03887.2b"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen217"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei148"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei609"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael048"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000167775.46192.e9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-199507000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199811000-00039"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-06959-8.00026-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"727","article-title":"Preemptive ketamine during general anesthesia for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy","volume":"70","author":"Launo C","year":"2004","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200006000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199705000-00024","article-title":"Preemptive Ketamine decreases postoperative narcotic requirement in patients undergoing abdominal surgery","volume":"84","author":"Fu Es","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesth Analg."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2005.01476.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200204000-00038"}],"container-title":["Pain 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