{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T18:10:14Z","timestamp":1790100614516,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]],"date-time":"2014-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that chronic widespread pain, (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CWP<\/jats:styled-content>) drawn by patients on a body diagram, could be used as a screening tool for increased pain sensitization, psycho\u2010social load, and utilization of pain management strategies. The triage questionnaires of 144 adults attending a chronic pain outpatients' clinic were audited and the percentage pain surface area\u00a0(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPSA<\/jats:styled-content>) drawn on their body diagrams was calculated using the \u201crule of nines\u201d (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RON<\/jats:styled-content>) method for burns area assessment. Outcomes were measured using the pain<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DETECT<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<\/jats:styled-content>uestionnaire (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<\/jats:styled-content>) and other indices and compared using a nonrandomized, case\u2013control method. It was found that significantly more subjects with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CWP<\/jats:styled-content> (defined as a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPSA<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a020%) reported high (\u2265\u00a019) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<\/jats:styled-content> scores (suggesting pain \u201csensitization\u201d or neuropathic pain) (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0002), \u201csevere\u201d or \u201cextremely severe\u201d anxiety scores on the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>epression, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>nxiety and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tress <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>cale\u201021 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>tems <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<\/jats:styled-content>uestionnaire (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0270), \u2265\u00a05 psycho\u2010social stressors (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0022), \u2265\u00a05 significant life events (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0098), and used \u2265\u00a07 pain management strategies (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PMS<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>00001), compared to control subjects with a lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPSA<\/jats:styled-content>. A Widespread Pain Index score \u2265\u00a07 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a011.36), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Q score \u2265\u00a019 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04.46) and use of \u2265\u00a07 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PMS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a05.49) were independently associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CWP<\/jats:styled-content>. This study demonstrates that calculating <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPSA<\/jats:styled-content> on a body diagram (using the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RON<\/jats:styled-content> method) is a valid and convenient \u201csnapshot\u201d screening tool to identify patients with an increased likelihood of pain sensitization, psycho\u2010social load, and utilizing pain management resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]],"date-time":"2014-12-03T23:43:58Z","timestamp":1417650238000},"page":"31-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Chronic Widespread Pain Drawn on a Body Diagram is a Screening Tool for Increased Pain Sensitization, Psycho\u2010Social Load, and Utilization of Pain Management Strategies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Visser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Medicine Unit Fremantle Hospital and Health Service Fremantle Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Pharmacology and Anaesthesiology Unit University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Ramachenderan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Regional Medical Group Albany Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie J.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Medicine Unit Fremantle Hospital and Health Service Fremantle Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Pharmacology and Anaesthesiology Unit University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Southern Regional Medical Group Albany Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Physiotherapy Curtin University of Technology Bentley Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Parsons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work Curtin University of Technology Bentley Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.01001.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.05.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200104)44:4<940::AID-ANR151>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-55"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-12-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00053-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel363"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(90)90006-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200003)43:3<561::AID-ANR12>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-3801(03)00064-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(84)90085-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.15.1649"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90101-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ajp.0000208245.41122.ac"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X132488"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales","author":"Lovibond SH","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170002105X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","volume-title":"Burns Management Guidelines. 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