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We review evidence for neuromodulation in treating some important painful conditions that are not currently <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDA<\/jats:styled-content> approved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review included an online web search for only clinical trials testing the efficacy of neuromodulation in treating coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVD<\/jats:styled-content>), headache, and peripheral field stimulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our systematic literature search found 10, 6, and 3 controlled studies relating to coronary artery disease, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PVD<\/jats:styled-content>, and headache, respectively. Our review also included 5 noncontrolled studies relating to peripheral field stimulation, as no controlled studies had been completed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review article shows compelling evidence based on clinical trials that neuromodulation can be of benefit for patients with serious painful conditions that are not currently approved by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T09:59:00Z","timestamp":1448445540000},"page":"935-947","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Some Non\u2010<scp>FDA<\/scp> Approved Uses for Neuromodulation: A Review of the Evidence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine University of 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