{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T08:24:24Z","timestamp":1759479864571},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,2]],"date-time":"2016-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioids are the preferred analgesic drugs to treat severe chronic pain conditions among dialysis patients; however, knowledge about their dialyzability features is limited. Oxycodone is increasingly used for the treatment of chronic pain conditions as oral controlled release (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>) tablets; however, evidence about this drug and its metabolites\u2019 dialyzability is lacking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed, during 4\u2010hour dialysis sessions, the effect of standard hemodialysis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>) and online hemodiafiltration (HDF) methods on the plasma concentration of oxycodone and its metabolites in <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20 chronic pain patients with end\u2010stage renal disease who were stably treated with oral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content> oxycodone. Chromatographic techniques were used to evaluate the studied compounds\u2019 plasma concentrations at three different time points during dialysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean plasma concentrations of oxycodone and noroxycodone in the sample showed an overall reduction trend over time, but it was less enhanced for noroxycodone. Mean reduction in oxycodone and noroxycodone arterial concentrations was significant and higher with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDF<\/jats:styled-content> (54% and 27%, respectively) than with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> (22% and 17%, respectively). Analysis of the regression of these compounds\u2019 clearance on their increasing arterial concentration showed a more stable and linear clearance prediction with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDF<\/jats:styled-content> (roughly 85 mL\/min); with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content>, for increasing arterial concentration, clearance of oxycodone decreased while noroxycodone clearance increased.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While no oxymorphone or noroxymorphone metabolites were detected, limited dialyzability of oxycodone and noroxycodone was documented along with insignificant postdialysis pain increment. This evidence will contribute toward considerations as to the safety of the use of oxycodone in dialysis patients in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,2]],"date-time":"2016-09-02T12:28:18Z","timestamp":1472819298000},"page":"604-615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dialyzability of Oxycodone and Its Metabolites in Chronic Noncancer Pain Patients with End\u2010Stage Renal Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Boaz Gedaliahu","family":"Samolsky Dekel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit University of Bologna's Teaching Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico S. Orsola\u2010Malpighi Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Post Graduate School of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Donati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit University of Bologna's Teaching Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico S. Orsola\u2010Malpighi Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Post Graduate School of Nephrology University of Bologna Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Vasarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit University of Bologna's Teaching Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera\u2010Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico S. 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