{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T21:07:13Z","timestamp":1776028033503,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The transversus abdominis plane (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAP<\/jats:styled-content>) block is a relatively simple regional anesthesia technique which entails the injection of local anesthetics (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content>) into the interfascial plane between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles, where nerves supplying the anterolateral abdominal wall course. It is widely used for acute pain management following abdominal surgical procedures. We describe a series of cases in which <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAP<\/jats:styled-content> blocks were used to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic abdominal wall pain (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAWP<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consecutive case series of 5 patients presenting with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAWP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regional referral Center for Pain Medicine of the academic tertiary hospital of Parma, Italy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five patients received <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TAP<\/jats:styled-content> blocks with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content> and steroid. Four patients reported \u226550% pain relief within hours of the procedure, and 2 of them maintained low pain intensities at 6\u2010 and 12\u2010month follow\u2010up calls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transversus abdominis plane blocks are a valuable addition to the diagnostic armamentarium of pain physicians confronted with abdominal pain of unclear origin. Although most patients responded to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content> injection, the varying degrees of response duration may have been influenced by the different etiologies underlying each condition and the variable expressions of placebo responses. Once the abdominal wall and\/or its nerves are identified as pain generators, the optimal therapeutic management remains to be determined. Available literature as well as our case series shows that long\u2010term benefit may be obtained with 1 or more injections, but we speculate that this may only be the case for pain with predominantly neuropathic components.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,14]],"date-time":"2017-03-14T21:25:57Z","timestamp":1489526757000},"page":"109-117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Abdominal Wall Pain Following Surgery: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Baciarello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma Parma Italy"},{"name":"Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research (SIMPAR) Group Parma 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