{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T13:13:38Z","timestamp":1759497218863},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,30]],"date-time":"2017-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare fibromyalgia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>) characteristics among patients identified in a community\u2010based chronic pain cohort based on traditional International Classification of Diagnoses 9th revision (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109) diagnostic coding, with that of patients identified using a novel predictive model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study used data collected from July 1999 to February 17, 2015, in multiple chronic pain clinics in the United States. Patients were assigned to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> case group based on specific inclusion criteria using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 codes or, separately, from results of a novel <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> predictive model that was developed using random forest and logistic regression techniques. Propensity scoring (1:1) matched <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> patients (cases) to nonmalignant chronic pain patients without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> (controls). Patient\u2010reported measures (eg, pain, fatigue, quality of sleep) and clinical characteristics (ie, comorbidities, procedures, and regions of pain) were outcomes for analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 clinical modification diagnoses had odds ratios with large effect sizes (Cohen's <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> &gt; 0.8), demonstrating the magnitude of the difference between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> and matched non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> cohorts: chronic pain syndrome, latex allergy, muscle spasm, fasciitis, cervicalgia, thoracic pain, shoulder pain, arthritis, and cervical disorders (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). Six diagnoses were found to have a moderate effect size (Cohen's 0.5 &lt;<jats:italic> d<\/jats:italic> &gt; 0.8): cystitis, cervical degeneration, anxiety, joint pain, lumbago, and cervical radiculitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The identification of multiple comorbidities, diagnoses, and musculoskeletal procedures that were significantly associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> may facilitate differentiation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> patients from other conditions characterized by chronic widespread pain. Predictive modeling may enhance identification of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> patients who may otherwise go undiagnosed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,18]],"date-time":"2017-04-18T15:39:03Z","timestamp":1492529943000},"page":"67-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Clinical Characteristics of Fibromyalgia in a Chronic Pain Population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Gostine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan Pain Consultants Grand Rapids Michigan U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ProCare Systems Inc. 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