{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T05:03:19Z","timestamp":1786770199202,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complex regional pain syndrome is a challenging condition that includes a broad spectrum of sensory, autonomic, and motor features predominantly in extremities recovering from a trauma. Few large\u2010scale studies have addressed occurrence of and factors associated with complex regional pain syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>) following orthopedic treatment. The present study aimed to identify factors associated with post\u2010treatment development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the Danish Patient Compensation Association's database, we identified 647 patients claiming post\u2010treatment <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content> between 1992 and 2015. Age, gender, initial diagnosis, treatment, and amount of compensation were extracted. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify variables associated with approval of the claim. For carpal tunnel syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content>) patients, we registered whether symptoms were bilateral or unilateral and if neurophysiology prior to treatment was pathologic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The following ratios were found: women:men was 4:1, primary diagnosis to the upper limb:lower limb was 2.5:1, and surgical:nonsurgical treatment was 3:1. Mean age was 47.5 \u00b1 13.7 years, and no intergender difference was detected. Antebrachial fracture (23%) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> (9%) were the most common primary conditions. Surgical treatment was associated with approval of the claim (odds ratio 3.5, 95% confidence interval 2.3 to 5.3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Half of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> patients had normal neurophysiology prior to surgery; among patients with unilateral symptoms, 71.4% had normal neurophysiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Female gender, surgical treatment, and treatment to the upper limb were risk factors. Elective surgery accounted for a large number of post\u2010treatment <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content> patients. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> patients developing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>, normal neurophysiological examination findings were common, and it could be suspected that these patients were suffering from an pre\u2010clinical stage of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>, not <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]],"date-time":"2017-07-10T09:02:50Z","timestamp":1499677370000},"page":"341-349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Risk Factors for Post\u2010treatment Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS): An Analysis of 647 Cases of <scp>CRPS<\/scp> from the Danish Patient Compensation Association"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0727-7067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pelle B.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Sports Traumatology M51 Bispebjerg\u2010Frederiksberg Hospital (Part of IOC Research Center Copenhagen) University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Danish Patient Compensation Association Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Bispebjerg\/Frederiksberg Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim L.","family":"Mikkelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Patient Compensation Association Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes B.","family":"Lauritzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Bispebjerg\/Frederiksberg Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Krogsgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Sports Traumatology M51 Bispebjerg\u2010Frederiksberg Hospital (Part of IOC Research Center Copenhagen) University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2009.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2009.00262.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181a11623"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193412471021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/956539"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(03)00065-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-014-2094-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket431"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(00)00183-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2007.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12489"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S84162","article-title":"Existing 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