{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:30:13Z","timestamp":1793046613373,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Central sensitization (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) is a phenomenon associated with several medical diagnoses, including postcancer pain, low back pain, osteoarthritis, whiplash, and fibromyalgia.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      involves an amplification of neural signaling within the central nervous system that results in pain hypersensitivity. The purpose of this systematic review was to gather published studies of a widely used outcome measure (the Central Sensitization Inventory [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ]), determine the quality of evidence these publications reported, and examine the measurement properties of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Databases and data treatment<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four databases were searched for publications from 2011 (when the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was developed) to July 2017. The Consensus\u2010Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COSMIN<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) checklist was applied to evaluate methodological quality and risk of bias. In instances when\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COSMIN<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      did not offer a scoring system for measurement properties, qualitative analyses were performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fourteen studies met inclusion criteria. Quality of evidence examined with the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COSMIN<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      checklist was determined to be good to excellent for all studies for their respective measurement property reports. Interpretability measures were consistent when publications were analyzed qualitatively, and construct validity was strong when examined alongside other validated measures relating to\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An assessment of the published measurement studies of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      suggest the tool generates reliable and valid data that quantify the severity of several symptoms of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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