{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:13:07Z","timestamp":1791238387316,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite requiring successful trials prior to implantation, spinal cord stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content>) systems for pain are often later removed. Removing surgically implanted hardware subjects patients to the risks and discomfort of a second surgery, threatens the cost\u2010effectiveness of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content>, and limits the perceived durability of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> technology for pain problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate patterns of reasons given among patients who underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> explant surgery (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCSES<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective review of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCSES<\/jats:styled-content> cases over 17 years at Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>165 patients underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCSES<\/jats:styled-content> between 1997 and 2014. The top 3 reasons for explantation were inadequate pain control (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPC<\/jats:styled-content>; 73%), hardware discomfort (22%), and need for magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) (10%). Other less frequent reasons were infection (9%), painful dysesthesias (9%), electrical arcing (4%), resolution of inciting symptoms (4%), weakness (2%), pseudomeningocele (1%) and muscle spasms (1%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inadequate pain control is the most common reason for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCSES<\/jats:styled-content>. Advances in technology are needed to improve the quality and duration of pain control, as well as to design improvements to make the hardware more comfortable. A significant number of implants are removed due to need for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>, a fact obviating the need for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010compatible systems. Patients considering <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCS<\/jats:styled-content> paddle lead placement should be counseled on the most common reasons for later explantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,6]],"date-time":"2017-09-06T02:56:42Z","timestamp":1504666602000},"page":"500-504","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Spinal Cord Stimulator Explantation: Motives for Removal of Surgically Placed Paddle Systems"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Derrick A.","family":"Dupr\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Allegheny General Hospital Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nestor","family":"Tomycz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Allegheny General Hospital Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 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