{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:26:22Z","timestamp":1780496782918,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009713","name":"Foundation for Physical Therapy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR055899"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR055899"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is commonly used for reducing musculoskeletal pain to improve function. However, peripheral nerve stimulation using\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n can alter muscle motor output. Few studies examine motor outcomes following\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n in a human pain model. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n sensory stimulation primarily on motor output (strength) and secondarily on pain and disability following exercise\u2010induced delayed\u2010onset muscle soreness (\n DOMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty\u2010six participants were randomized to a\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n treatment,\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n placebo, or control group after completing a standardized\n DOMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n protocol. Measures included shoulder strength, pain, mechanical pain sensitivity, and disability.\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n treatment and\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n placebo groups received 90\u00a0minutes of active or sham treatment 24, 48, and 72\u00a0hours post\u2010\n DOMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . All participants were assessed daily.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A repeated measures analysis of variance and post\u2010hoc analysis indicated that, compared to the control group, strength remained reduced in the\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n treatment group (48\u00a0hours post\u2010\n DOMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.05) and\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n placebo group (48\u00a0hours post\u2010\n DOMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.05; 72\u00a0hours post\u2010\n DOMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.05). A mixed\u2010linear modeling analysis was conducted to examine the strength (motor) change. Randomization group explained 5.6% of between\u2010subject strength variance (\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.05). Independent of randomization group, pain explained 8.9% of within\u2010subject strength variance and disability explained 3.3% of between\u2010subject strength variance (both\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n \n While active and placebo\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n resulted in prolonged strength inhibition, the results were nonsignificant for pain. Results indicated that higher pain and higher disability were independently related to decreased strength. Regardless of the impact on pain,\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , or even the perception of\n TENS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , may act as a nocebo for motor output.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]],"date-time":"2018-03-05T12:38:00Z","timestamp":1520253480000},"page":"954-968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prolonged Reduction in Shoulder Strength after Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Treatment of Exercise\u2010Induced Acute Muscle Pain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Katie A.","family":"Butera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Brooks\u2010PHHP Research Collaboration University of Florida Gainesville Florida U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven 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